{"refrec":{"BRefID":340045,"RR":"<b>Ben Ali, M.; Hedfi, A.; Almalki, M.; Karachle, P.K.; Boufahja, F.</b> (2021). Toxicity of hydroxychloroquine, a potential treatment for COVID-19, on free-living marine nematodes. <i>Mar. Pollut. Bull. 167</i>: 112361. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112361\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112361</a>","BEntID":336680,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Mar. Pollut. Bull. 167</i>: 112361. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112361\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112361</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Ben Ali, M.; Hedfi, A.; Almalki, M.; Karachle, P.K.; Boufahja, F.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Ben Ali, M. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"On March 2020, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was recommended as a treatment for COVID-19 high risk patients. Following the massive and widespread use of HCQ worldwide, a discernible high quantity is anticipated to end-up through the sewage systems in marine coastal areas. A closed microcosm study was undertaken herein for 30 days where meiobenthic nematodes were exposed to a range of HCQ concentrations (3.162, 31.62 and 63.24 μg.ml<sup>−1</sup>). After one month of exposure in HCQ, the total abundances and Shannon-Wiener index of the assemblages decreased, whereas the individual mass and the Trophic Diversity Index increased at the highest concentrations. Overall, a numerical negative impact was observed for the epistrate feeders and non-selective deposit feeders, however, this benefited to the omnivores-carnivores, and particularly to the Oncholaimids. Such responses of the nematodes 2B and the corresponding taxa are bioindicative of current- or post-COVID-19 crisis risks in relation with the bioaccumulation of HCQ in seafood.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Toxicity of hydroxychloroquine, a potential treatment for COVID-19, on free-living marine nematodes","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-14 01:31:59.879616","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"COVID-19 crisis, Hydroxychloroquine, Ecotoxicity, Free-living marine nematodes, Seafood","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2021,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2022-10-04","DateCreate":"2021-07-12","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000655695600002","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112361"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":340045,"PubliDate":2021,"Pagination":"112361","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"167","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":43520,"SerRR":"Marine Pollution Bulletin. Macmillan: London.  ISSN 0025-326X; e-ISSN 1879-3363","StandardTitleSer":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","ISSN":"0025-326X","AbbrevSer":"Mar. Pollut. Bull.","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":null,"Pages":null,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Ben Ali","Firstname":"Manel","Initials":"M.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":336680,"AutID":385693,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Hedfi","Firstname":"Amor","Initials":"A.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":336680,"AutID":385385,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Almalki","Firstname":"Mohammed","Initials":"M.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":336680,"AutID":460958,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Karachle","Firstname":"Paraskevi","Initials":"P.K.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":336680,"AutID":323995,"OrderNr":4,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Boufahja","Firstname":"Fehmi","Initials":"F.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":336680,"AutID":74062,"OrderNr":5,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":363339,"LibID":36,"BRefID":340045,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":null,"ShelfLocCode":"363339","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":"Interne VLIZ documenten","Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","DutchTerm":"Non-open access","URL":null,"ClassifID":228,"Classification":"Non-open access","ReqLink":1,"ClassifTypID":3,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":1,"InternalReq":1,"LoggedInReq":1,"Disclaimer":"Disclaimer_VLIZ_Intern","DutchDisclaimer":"<p>Deze publicatie is enkel beschikbaar voor persoonlijk gebruik binnen de Innovocean site <br />en mag op geen enkele manier verder worden verspreid.</p>","FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":36,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":1,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"A","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"Macmillan","City":"London"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Seafood","ThestID":7309,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Food > Human food > Seafood"}],"thestermsASFA":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Seafood"}],"taxtermsASFA":[{"TaxTerm":"Nematoda"}],"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":[{"Collection":"VLIZ Acknowledged Publications","ShortName":"VLIZ ackn"}],"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":{"941":{"SpName":"LifeWatch Species Information Backbone","SpColID":941,"ParSpColID":39,"TopParID":39,"ShortName":"LifeWatch Species Information Backbone","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":39,"SpColPath":"VLIZ ackn/LifeWatch Species Information Backbone"},"39":{"SpName":"VLIZ Acknowledged Publications","SpColID":39,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"VLIZ ackn","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"VLIZ ackn"},"507":{"SpName":"World Register of Marine Species","SpColID":507,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"WoRMS website","URLLocation":null,"LibID":null,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"WoRMS website"},"915":{"SpName":"World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) acknowledged","SpColID":915,"ParSpColID":941,"TopParID":39,"ShortName":"WoRMS ackn","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":39,"SpColPath":"VLIZ ackn/LifeWatch Species Information Backbone/WoRMS ackn"},"947":{"SpName":"WoRMS ackn - direct reference","SpColID":947,"ParSpColID":915,"TopParID":39,"ShortName":"WoRMS ackn - direct","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":39,"SpColPath":"VLIZ ackn/LifeWatch Species Information Backbone/WoRMS ackn/WoRMS ackn - direct"}},"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":336680,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"},{"BEntID":336680,"AbstractFlag":1,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":[{"URL":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112361","externalID":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112361","URLTypeCode":"DOI","URLID":95283,"URLTypID":13,"URLType":"DOI","URLPrefix":"http://dx.doi.org/"}],"thesterms":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Seafood","ThestID":7309,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"}],"taxterms":[{"TaxTerm":"Nematoda [Nematodes]","AphiaID":799,"TaxtID":14922}],"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Seafood","DutchTerm":null,"ThestID":7309,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"}],"taxtermsFRIS":[{"TaxTerm":"Nematoda","DutchTerm":"Nematoden","AphiaID":799,"TaxtID":14922}],"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"VLIZ2000\\liesjes","newSesDate":{"date":"2021-07-12 09:12:15.420000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Bouchti, Zohra, Z.","updSesDate":{"date":"2022-10-04 11:42:22.407000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}