Document of bibliographic reference 340075

BibliographicReference record

Type

Bibliographic resource

Type of document

Book chapters

BibLvlCode

AM

Title

Invasive alien biota of Venezuela

Abstract

Venezuela is a megadiverse country located at northern tip of South America. In spite of a relatively low number of invasive alien species (IAS), synergistic effects with human disturbance, mainly in northern terrestrial ecosystems, are severely threatening biodiversity and environmental services. After the present revision, ca. 457 exotic species (301 species, 5 subspecies, and 7 varieties of plants and algae, >109 species of invertebrates, and 47 species of vertebrates) are accepted as naturalized in the country. They are probably more numerous, but the presence of additional taxa is still to be confirmed, including at least 67 marine organisms. Figures provided in this study largely exceed previous estimations of 42–ca. 400 species, but considering the limited knowledge of highly diversified taxonomic groups as viruses, bacteria, and insects, it is likely that IAS in Venezuela would pass one thousand. Additional research, proper application of the present legal framework, institutional strengthening, promotion of native species, especially as pastures and in aquaculture, and conservation of natural and seminatural areas, seems to be the most effective ways to control present invaders and prevent future invasions. As in the previously available revision, no genetically modified organisms (GMO) were detected.

Bibliographic citation

Allende, J.R.G. (2021). Invasive alien biota of Venezuela, in: Pullaiah, T. et al. Invasive alien species: observations and issues from around the world. pp. 212-256. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119607045.ch44