{"refrec":{"BRefID":340089,"RR":"<b>Baldrich, A.M.; Pérez-Santos, I.; Álvarez, G.; Reguera, B.; Fernández-Pena, C.; Rodríguez-Villegas, C.; Araya, M.; Álvarez, F.; Barrera, F.; Karasiewicz, S.; Díaz, P.</b> (2021). Niche differentiation of <i>Dinophysis acuta</i> and <i>D. acuminata</i> in a stratified fjord. <i>Harmful Algae 103</i>: 102010. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2021.102010\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2021.102010</a>","BEntID":336724,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Harmful Algae 103</i>: 102010. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2021.102010\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2021.102010</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Baldrich, A.M.; Pérez-Santos, I.; Álvarez, G.; Reguera, B.; Fernández-Pena, C.; Rodríguez-Villegas, C.; Araya, M.; Álvarez, F.; Barrera, F.; Karasiewicz, S.; Díaz, P.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Baldrich, A.M. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"<em>Dinophysis acuta</em> and <em>D. acuminata</em> are associated with lipophilic toxins in Southern Chile. Blooms of the two species coincided during summer 2019 in a highly stratified fjord system (Puyuhuapi, Chilean Patagonia). High vertical resolution measurements of physical parameters were carried out during 48&nbsp;h sampling to i) explore physiological status (e.g<em>.</em>, division rates, toxin content) and ii) illustrate the fine scale distribution of <em>D. acuta</em> and <em>D. acuminata</em> populations with a focus on water column structure and co-occurring plastid-bearing ciliates. The species-specific resources and regulators defining the realized niches (<em>sensu</em> Hutchinson) of the two species were identified. Differences in vertical distribution, daily vertical migration and <em>in situ</em> division rates (with record values, 0.76 d<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>, in <em>D. acuta</em>), in response to the environmental conditions and potential prey availability, revealed their niche differences. The Outlying Mean Index (OMI) analysis showed that the realized niche of <em>D. acuta</em> (cell maximum 7&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>3</sup> cells L<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup> within the pycnocline) was characterized by sub-surface estuarine waters (salinity 23 – 25), lower values of turbulence and PAR, and a narrow niche breath. In contrast, the realized niche of <em>D. acuminata</em> (cell maximum 6.8&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>3</sup> cells L<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup> just above the pycnocline) was characterized by fresher (salinity 17 – 20) outflowing surface waters, with higher turbulence and light intensity and a wider niche breadth. Results from OMI and PERMANOVA analyses of co-occurring microplanktonic ciliates were compatible with the hypothesis of species such as those from genera <em>Pseudotontonia</em> and <em>Strombidium</em> constituting an alternative ciliate prey to <em>Mesodinium.</em> The <em>D. acuta</em> cell maximum was associated with DSP (OA and DTX-1) toxins and pectenotoxins; that of <em>D. acuminata</em> only with pectenotoxins. Results presented here contribute to a better understanding of the environmental drivers of species-specific blooms of <em>Dinophysis</em> and management of their distinct effects in Southern Chile.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Niche differentiation of <i>Dinophysis acuta</i> and <i>D. acuminata</i> in a stratified fjord","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Dinophysis acuminata, Dinophysis acuta, Realized niche, in situ division rates, Microplanktonic ciliate prey, DSP toxins, Pectenotoxins, Chilean fjords","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2021,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2021-07-13","DateCreate":"2021-07-13","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000651294000002","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1016/j.hal.2021.102010"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":340089,"PubliDate":2021,"Pagination":"102010","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"103","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":45642,"SerRR":"Harmful Algae. 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