{"refrec":{"BRefID":340198,"RR":"<b>Pierella Karlusich, J.J.; Pelletier, E.; Lombard, F.; Carsique, M.; Dvorak, E.; Colin, S.; Picheral, M.; Cornejo-Castillo, F.M.; Acinas, S.G.; Pepperkok, R.; Karsenti, E.; de Vargas, C.; Wincker, P.; Bowler, C.; Foster, R.A.</b> (2021). Global distribution patterns of marine nitrogen-fixers by imaging and molecular methods. <i>Nature Comm. 12(1)</i>: 4160. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24299-y\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24299-y</a>","BEntID":336833,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Nature Comm. 12(1)</i>: 4160. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24299-y\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24299-y</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Pierella Karlusich, J.J.; Pelletier, E.; Lombard, F.; Carsique, M.; Dvorak, E.; Colin, S.; Picheral, M.; Cornejo-Castillo, F.M.; Acinas, S.G.; Pepperkok, R.; Karsenti, E.; de Vargas, C.; Wincker, P.; Bowler, C.; Foster, R.A.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Pierella Karlusich, J.J. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Nitrogen fixation has a critical role in marine primary production, yet our understanding of marine nitrogen-fixers (diazotrophs) is hindered by limited observations. Here, we report a quantitative image analysis pipeline combined with mapping of molecular markers for mining >2,000,000 images and >1300 metagenomes from surface, deep chlorophyll maximum and mesopelagic seawater samples across 6 size fractions (<0.2–2000 μm). We use this approach to characterise the diversity, abundance, biovolume and distribution of symbiotic, colony-forming and particle-associated diazotrophs at a global scale. We show that imaging and PCR-free molecular data are congruent. Sequence reads indicate diazotrophs are detected from the ultrasmall bacterioplankton (<0.2 μm) to mesoplankton (180–2000 μm) communities, while images predict numerous symbiotic and colony-forming diazotrophs (>20 µm). Using imaging and molecular data, we estimate that polyploidy can substantially affect gene abundances of symbiotic versus colony-forming diazotrophs. Our results support the canonical view that larger diazotrophs (>10 μm) dominate the tropical belts, while unicellular cyanobacterial and non-cyanobacterial diazotrophs are globally distributed in surface and mesopelagic layers. We describe co-occurring diazotrophic lineages of different lifestyles and identify high-density regions of diazotrophs in the global ocean. Overall, we provide an update of marine diazotroph biogeographical diversity and present a new bioimaging-bioinformatic workflow.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Global distribution patterns of marine nitrogen-fixers by imaging and molecular methods","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-04-18 01:32:24.740644","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2021,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2021-07-22","DateCreate":"2021-07-22","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000672715200006","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-021-24299-y"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":340198,"PubliDate":2021,"Pagination":"4160","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"12","Issue":"1","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":198717,"SerRR":"Nature Communications. 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