{"refrec":{"BRefID":342280,"RR":"<b>Wiesebron, L.E.; Steiner, N.; Morys, C.; Ysebaert, T.; Bouma, T.J.</b> (2021). Sediment bulk density effects on benthic macrofauna burrowing and bioturbation behavior. <i>Front. Mar. Sci. 8</i>: 707785. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.707785\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.707785</a>","BEntID":338915,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Front. Mar. Sci. 8</i>: 707785. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.707785\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.707785</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Wiesebron, L.E.; Steiner, N.; Morys, C.; Ysebaert, T.; Bouma, T.J.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Wiesebron, L.E. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Benthic macrofauna are a key component of intertidal ecosystems. Their    mobility and behavior determine processes like nutrient cycling and the    biogeomorphic development of intertidal flats. Many physical drivers of    benthic macrofauna behavior, such as sediment grain size, have been    well-studied. However, little is known about how sediment bulk density (a    measure of sediment compaction and water content) affects this behavior. We    investigated the effect of bulk density on the burrowing rate, burrowingdepth, bioturbation activity, and oxygen consumption of bivalves (<i>Limecola balthica</i>, <i>Scrobicularia plana</i>, and<i>Cerastoderma edule</i>) and polychaetes (<i>Hediste diversicolor</i> and    <i>Arenicola marina</i>) during a 29-day mesocosm experiment. We compared    four sediment treatments consisting of two sediments of differing grain    size classes (sandy and muddy) with two bulk densities (compact and soft).    Overall, bulk density had a strong effect on benthic macrofauna behavior.    Benthic macrofauna burrowed faster and bioturbation more intensely in softsediments with low bulk density, regardless of grain size. In addition,    <i>L. balthica</i> burrowed deeper in low bulk density sediment. Finally,    we found that larger bivalves (both <i>C. edule</i> and <i>S. plana</i>)    burrowed slower in compact sediment than smaller ones. This study shows    that benthic macrofauna change their behavior in subtle but important ways    under different sediment bulk densities which could affect animal-sediment    interactions and tidal flat biogeomorphology. We conclude that lower bulk    density conditions lead to more active macrofaunal movement and sediment    reworking.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Sediment bulk density effects on benthic macrofauna burrowing and bioturbation behavior","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-10 01:32:38.244444","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"grain size; bulk density; benthic macrofauna; intertidal mudflat; burrowing behavior; bioturbation; animal-sediment interactions","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2021,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2021-09-27","DateCreate":"2021-08-12","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000679411700001","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.3389/fmars.2021.707785"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":342280,"PubliDate":2021,"Pagination":"707785","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"8","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":233602,"SerRR":"Frontiers in Marine Science. Frontiers Media: Lausanne.  ISSN 2296-7745; e-ISSN 2296-7745","StandardTitleSer":"Frontiers in Marine Science","ISSN":"2296-7745","AbbrevSer":"Front. Mar. 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