{"refrec":{"BRefID":347097,"RR":"<b>Koske, D.; Straumer, K.; Goldenstein, N.I.; Hanel, R.; Lang, T.; Kammann, U.</b> (2020). First evidence of explosives and their degradation products in dab (<i>Limanda limanda</i> L.) from a munition dumpsite in the Baltic Sea. <i>Mar. Pollut. Bull. 155</i>: 111131. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111131\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111131</a>","BEntID":343789,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Mar. Pollut. Bull. 155</i>: 111131. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111131\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111131</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Koske, D.; Straumer, K.; Goldenstein, N.I.; Hanel, R.; Lang, T.; Kammann, U.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Koske, D. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"The bioconcentration factor (BCF) was measured for 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) in seven different marine species of varying trophic levels. Time series and concentration gradient treatments were used for water column and tissue concentrations of TNT, RDX, and their environmentally important derivatives 2-amino-4,6-dintrotoluene (2-ADNT) and 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (4-ADNT). BCF values ranged from 0.0031 to 484.5&nbsp;mL&nbsp;g<sup>−1</sup> for TNT and 0.023 to 54.83&nbsp;mL g<sup>−1</sup> for RDX. The use of log <i>K</i>                <sub>ow</sub> value as an indicator was evaluated by adding marine data from this study to previously published data. For the munitions in this study, log <i>K</i>                <sub>ow</sub> value was a good indicator in the marine environment. The initial uptake and elimination rates of TNT and RDX for <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> were 1.79 and 0.24&nbsp;h<sup>−1</sup> for TNT and 0.50 and 0.0035&nbsp;h<sup>−1</sup> for RDX respectively. Biotransformation was observed in all biota for both TNT and RDX. Biotransformation of TNT favored 4-ADNT over 2-ADNT at ratios of 2:1 for <i>F. vesiculosus</i> and 3:1 for <i>Mytilus edulis</i>. Although RDX derivatives were measureable, the ratios of RDX derivatives were variable with no detectable trend. Previous approaches for measuring BCF in freshwater systems compare favorably with these experiments with marine biota, yet significant gaps on the ultimate fate of munitions within the biota exist that may be overcome with the use stable isotope-labeled munitions substrates.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"First evidence of explosives and their degradation products in dab (<i>Limanda limanda</i> L.) from a munition dumpsite in the Baltic Sea","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-05-18 01:33:34.378296","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2020,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2021-10-26","DateCreate":"2021-10-26","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000536184300018","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111131"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":347097,"PubliDate":2020,"Pagination":"111131","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"155","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":43520,"SerRR":"Marine Pollution Bulletin. Macmillan: London.  ISSN 0025-326X; e-ISSN 1879-3363","StandardTitleSer":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","ISSN":"0025-326X","AbbrevSer":"Mar. Pollut. 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