{"refrec":{"BRefID":347762,"RR":"<b>Ali Albsheer, M.M.; Lover, A.A.; Eltom, S.B.; Omereltinai, L.; Mohamed, N.; Muneer, M.S.; Mohamad, A.O.; Abdel Hamid, M.M.</b> (2021). Prevalence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDd), CareStart qualitative rapid diagnostic test performance, and genetic variants in two malaria-endemic areas in Sudan. <i>PLoS Neglect. Trop. Dis. 15(10)</i>: e0009720. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009720\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009720</a>","BEntID":344454,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>PLoS Neglect. Trop. Dis. 15(10)</i>: e0009720. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009720\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009720</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Ali Albsheer, M.M.; Lover, A.A.; Eltom, S.B.; Omereltinai, L.; Mohamed, N.; Muneer, M.S.; Mohamad, A.O.; Abdel Hamid, M.M.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Ali Albsheer, M.M. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDd) is the most common enzymopathy globally, and deficient individuals may experience severe hemolysis following treatment with 8-aminoquinolines. With increasing evidence of <em>Plasmodium vivax</em> infections throughout sub-Saharan Africa, there is a pressing need for population-level data at on the prevalence of G6PDd. Such evidence-based data will guide the expansion of primaquine and potentially tafenoquine for radical cure of <em>P</em>. <em>vivax</em> infections. This study aimed to quantify G6PDd prevalence in two geographically distinct areas in Sudan, and evaluating the performance of a qualitative CareStart rapid diagnostic test as a point-of-care test. Blood samples were analyzed from 491 unrelated healthy persons in two malaria-endemic sites in eastern and central Sudan. A pre-structured questionnaire was used which included demographic data, risk factors and treatment history. G6PD levels were measured using spectrophotometry (SPINREACT) and first-generation qualitative CareStart rapid tests. G6PD variants (202 G>A; 376 A>G) were determined by PCR/RFLP, with a subset confirmed by Sanger sequencing. The prevalence of G6PDd by spectrophotometry was 5.5% (27/491; at 30% of adjusted male median, AMM); 27.3% (134/491; at 70% of AMM); and 13.1% (64/490) by qualitative CareStart rapid diagnostic test. The first-generation CareStart rapid diagnostic test had an overall sensitivity of 81.5% (95%CI: 61.9 to 93.7) and negative predictive value of 98.8% (97.3 to 99.6). All persons genotyped across both study sites were wild type for the G6PD G202 variant. For G6PD A376G all participants in New Halfa had wild type AA (100%), while in Khartoum the AA polymorphism was found in 90.7%; AG in 2.5%; and GG in 6.8%. Phenotypic G6PD B was detected in 100% of tested participants in New Halfa while in Khartoum, the phenotypes observed were B (96.2%), A (2.8%), and AB (1%). The African A- phenotype was not detected in this study population. Overall, G6PDd prevalence in Sudan is low-to-moderate but highly heterogeneous. Point-of-care testing with the qualitative CareStart rapid diagnostic test demonstrated moderate performance with moderate sensitivity and specificity but high negative predicative value. The two sites harbored primarily the African B phenotype. A country-wide survey is recommended to understand GP6PD deficiencies more comprehensively in Sudan.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Prevalence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDd), CareStart qualitative rapid diagnostic test performance, and genetic variants in two malaria-endemic areas in Sudan","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-13 01:31:51.793771","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2021,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2022-11-03","DateCreate":"2021-12-01","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000713309700002","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1371/journal.pntd.0009720"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":347762,"PubliDate":2021,"Pagination":"e0009720","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"15","Issue":"10","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":238838,"SerRR":"PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 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