{"refrec":{"BRefID":349344,"RR":"<b>Sinninghe Damsté, J.S; Weber, Y.; Zopfi, J.; Lehmann, M.F.; Niemann, H.</b> (2022). Distributions and sources of isoprenoidal GDGTs in Lake Lugano and other central European (peri-)alpine lakes: Lessons for their use as paleotemperature proxies. <i>Quat. Sci. Rev. 277</i>: 107352. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107352\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107352</a>","BEntID":347039,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Quat. Sci. Rev. 277</i>: 107352. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107352\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107352</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Sinninghe Damsté, J.S; Weber, Y.; Zopfi, J.; Lehmann, M.F.; Niemann, H.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Sinninghe Damsté, J.S <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":" Isoprenoidal glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (isoGDGT) lipids occur    ubiquitously in freshwater and marine environments. Since their    distribution varies with temperature, sedimentary isoGDGTs have been used    as proxies for the reconstruction of past continental climate for almost    two decades. Yet, their application in lacustrine sediments is still not    well constrained because the niches of isoGDGT-producing microorganisms in    lakes are often ill-defined. Here, we study the distribution of isoGDGTs    and their hydroxy derivatives (OH-isoGDGTs) in the water column of the deep    (288 m), meromictic northern basin of Lake Lugano (Switzerland) using    quantitative analysis of various pools of isoGDGTs and the stable carbon    isotopic composition of isoGDGT-derived biphytanes. We provide strong    evidence for archaeal water column sources of the isoGDGTs, based on    comparison of lipid data with microbial diversity determined by 16S rRNAnext generation sequencing. We find highest concentrations (i.e., 40 ng L    <sup>−1</sup>) of crenarchaeol, the isoGDGTs specific for thaumarchaea, in    suspended particle matter (SPM) from deeper (30–100 m) waters below the    thermocline. This correlates well with thaumarchaeal 16S rRNA gene    abundances, comprised by a single thaumarchaeote of the order    Nitrosopumilales. The concentrations of OH-isoGDGT with 0–2 cyclopentane    rings follow this profile, suggesting an identical archaeal source. In the    deeper anoxic waters, the archaeal community changes substantially and was    comprised of various members of the Bathyarchaeota, Diapherotrites,    Euryarchaeota, and Woesearchaeota. This change is accompanied by a changing    distribution of isoGDGTs with a high contribution of GDGT-0 with a polar    head group, and a more negative δ<sup>13</sup>C value of the acyclic    biphytane derived thereof. Comparison of the isoGDGT composition    (distribution and δ<sup>13</sup>C) in the surface sediment with that of the    sinking particle flux studied over 1 year at three depths indicates    substantial downward transport of isoGDGTs to the sediments from the waters    between the thermocline and the anoxic hypolimnion, but not from the deeper(>100 m) waters. The relatively low value for the isoGDGT-based TEX    <sub>86</sub> value (ca. 0.40) in the surface sediment is similar to that    of the <i>in-situ</i> produced isoGDGTs in the waters below the    thermocline, and is consistent with the year-around low water temperatures    (<6 °C). We also analyzed the isoGDGT composition in surface sediments    of 36 additional (peri-)alpine lakes in Central Europe; their isoGDGT    concentration and distribution show a clear-cut difference based on lake    size. In relatively large and deep lakes, like the Lake Lugano North Basin,    the crenarchaeol concentration was much higher than in small-sized and    shallow lakes, because Nitrosopumilales spp. have seemingly no niche in    shallower waters (0–∼30 m depth), and production, and hence preservation in    the sedimentary record, of crenarchaeol (and other thaumarchaeal isoGDGTs)    is much lower than in large lakes. We argue that in the mid-latitudinal    large and deep (peri-)alpine lakes Nitrosopumilales spp. generally thrive    in cold waters below the thermocline, where temperature is largely notaffected by fluctuations in mean annual air temperature. Therefore, the TEX    <sub>86</sub> paleothermometer is relative insensitive to atmospheric    temperature changes in these lakes. In the small-sized and shallow lakes    and ponds crenarchaeol can still be present but is probably mainly derived    from Nitrososphaerales spp. (either from <i>in-situ</i> production or soil    erosion). These thaumarchaea are characterized by a higher relative content    of the crenarchaeol isomer than the Nitrosopumilales spp. at the same    temperature, which may compromise accurate paleotemperature estimations    using the TEX<sub>86</sub> for small/shallow lakes.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Distributions and sources of isoprenoidal GDGTs in Lake Lugano and other central European (peri-)alpine lakes: Lessons for their use as paleotemperature proxies","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-04-19 01:32:14.470751","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Quaternary; Paleolimnology; Western europe; Organic geochemistry; TEX86; Isoprenoidal GDGTs; Hydroxy GDGTs; Microbial ecology; 16S rDNA gene amplification; Archaea","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2022,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2022-02-15","DateCreate":"2022-01-26","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000766906200015","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107352"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":349344,"PubliDate":2022,"Pagination":"107352","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"277","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":45667,"SerRR":"Quaternary Science Reviews. Pergamon Press: Oxford; New York.  ISSN 0277-3791; e-ISSN 1873-457X","StandardTitleSer":"Quaternary Science Reviews","ISSN":"0277-3791","AbbrevSer":"Quat. Sci. 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