{"refrec":{"BRefID":35067,"RR":"<b>Shelby, R.A.; Klesius, Ph.H.; Shoemaker, C.A.; Evans, J.J.</b> (2002). Passive immunization of tilapia, <i>Oreochromis niloticus</i> (L.), with anti-<i>Streptococcus iniae</i> whole sera. <i>J. Fish Dis. 25(1)</i>: 1-6. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.2002.00327.x\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.2002.00327.x</a>","BEntID":35067,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>J. Fish Dis. 25(1)</i>: 1-6. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.2002.00327.x\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.2002.00327.x</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Shelby, R.A.; Klesius, Ph.H.; Shoemaker, C.A.; Evans, J.J.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Shelby, R.A. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Passive immunization of tilapia, <i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>, was conducted to determine whether anti-<i>Streptococcus iniae</i> whole sera (ASI), heat inactivated anti-<i>S. iniae</i> whole sera (HIASI) and normal whole sera (NWS) were protective when intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected into tilapia. The ASI was produced in tilapia actively immunized (challenged) with virulent <i>S. iniae</i> by i.p. injection. An antibody response against <i>S. iniae</i> was demonstrated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and 18% of the immunized fish died because of the <i>S. iniae</i> infection. The actively immunized tilapia demonstrated a secondary anti- body response and immunity to <i>S. iniae</i> after challenge with <i>S. iniae</i> by i.p. injection. Survival was 100% in the actively immunized fish. The NWS was obtained from tilapia free of ASI antibody and susceptible to <i>S. iniae</i> infection (40% mortality). In two separate experiments, significantly higher mortality was noted in tilapia passively immunized with NWS (33 and 53%) and phosphate buffered saline (PBS) (30 and 60%), in comparison with mortalities of 0 and 10% or 3.3 and 6.7% in the fish passively immunized with ASI or HIASI 14 days after <i>S. iniae</i> infection by i.p. injection (P = 0.0003 and 0.0023). Results suggest that immunity provided by ASI and HIASI was because of antibody against <i>S. iniae</i>. Inactivation of complement in the HIASI treatment further suggests that ASI antibody plays a primary role in immunity against <i>S. iniae</i> infection.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Passive immunization of tilapia, <i>Oreochromis niloticus</i> (L.), with anti-<i>Streptococcus iniae</i> whole sera","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-04-20 01:31:35.259686","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2002,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2023-02-06","DateCreate":"2003-05-22","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000173652200001","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1046/j.1365-2761.2002.00327.x"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":35067,"PubliDate":2002,"Pagination":"1-6","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"25","Issue":"1","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":44476,"SerRR":"Journal of Fish Diseases. Blackwell Science: Oxford; London; Edinburgh; Boston; Melbourne.  ISSN 0140-7775; e-ISSN 1365-2761","StandardTitleSer":"Journal of Fish Diseases","ISSN":"0140-7775","AbbrevSer":"J. 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