{"refrec":{"BRefID":350772,"RR":"<b>Siegwald, J.; Oskars, T.R.; Kano, Y.; Malaquias, M.A.E.</b> (2022). A global phylogeny of the deep-sea gastropod family Scaphandridae (Heterobranchia: Cephalaspidea): Redefinition and generic classification. <i>Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 169</i>: 107415. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107415\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107415</a>","BEntID":348473,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 169</i>: 107415. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107415\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107415</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Siegwald, J.; Oskars, T.R.; Kano, Y.; Malaquias, M.A.E.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Siegwald, J. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"We present the most comprehensive phylogeny of a globally distributed deep-sea group of gastropods published to date including over 80% of the recognized diversity of the family Scaphandridae. The definition and taxonomic composition of the Scaphandridae has been hampered by the lack of a sound phylogenetic framework and definition of synapomorphic traits. We used a combination of molecular phylogenetics (Bayesian Inference and Maximum Likelihood) based on five gene markers (cytochrome <em>c</em> oxidase subunit I, 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, 18S rRNA, and 28S rRNA) and morpho-anatomical characters to redefine the Scaphandridae and its genera. A new classification is proposed with the three genera <em>Nipponoscaphander</em>, <em>Sabatia</em>, and <em>Scaphander</em>. Main differences between genera lie on the shells (shape, parietal callus, spire) and male reproductive system (prostate). The species <em>Hamineobulla kawamurai</em> is reassigned to the closely related family Eoscaphandridae, currently defined mostly based on pleisiomorphic traits. Biogeographically the genus <em>Nipponoscaphander</em> is restricted to the Indo-West Pacific; <em>Sabatia</em> is mostly circumscribed to the Indo-West Pacific, but has one lineage present in the north Atlantic Ocean. Polyphyly across ocean realms prevails in the specious and globally distributed genus <em>Scaphander</em> with multiple speciation events between Indo-Pacific and Atlantic lineages but also with several episodes of cladogenesis within realms. Two rare cases of species with a broad distribution spanning the Indo-West Pacific and Atlantic realms are confirmed (<em>S. meridionalis</em> and <em>S. nobilis</em>).","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"A global phylogeny of the deep-sea gastropod family Scaphandridae (Heterobranchia: Cephalaspidea): Redefinition and generic classification","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-04 01:31:43.855649","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Biodiversity; Biogeography; DNA; Mollusca; Morphology; Systematics","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2022,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2022-04-08","DateCreate":"2022-04-04","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000788136700003","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107415"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":350772,"PubliDate":2022,"Pagination":"107415","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"169","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":45071,"SerRR":"Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. Elsevier: Orlando, FL.  ISSN 1055-7903; e-ISSN 1095-9513","StandardTitleSer":"Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution","ISSN":"1055-7903","AbbrevSer":"Mol. Phylogenet. 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