{"refrec":{"BRefID":352303,"RR":"<b>Hirasawa, T.; Hu, Y.; Uesugi, K.; Hoshino, M.; Manabe, M.; Kuratani, S.</b> (2022). Morphology of <i>Palaeospondylus</i> shows affinity to tetrapod ancestors. <i>Nature (Lond.) 606(7912)</i>: 109-112. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04781-3\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04781-3</a>","BEntID":350010,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Nature (Lond.) 606(7912)</i>: 109-112. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04781-3\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04781-3</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Hirasawa, T.; Hu, Y.; Uesugi, K.; Hoshino, M.; Manabe, M.; Kuratani, S.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Hirasawa, T. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Palaeospondylus gunni, from the Middle Devonian period, is one of the most enigmatic fossil vertebrates, and its phylogenetic position has remained unclear since its discovery in Scotland in 1890. The fossil’s strange set of morphological features has made comparisons with known vertebrate morphotype diversity difficult. Here we use synchrotron radiation X-ray micro-computed tomography to show that Palaeospondylus was a sarcopterygian, and most probably a stem-tetrapod. The skeleton of Palaeospondylus consisted solely of endoskeletal elements in which hypertrophied chondrocyte cell lacunae, osteoids and a small fraction of perichondral bones developed. Despite the complete lack of teeth and dermal bones, the neurocranium of Palaeospondylus resembles those of stem-tetrapod Eusthenopteron and Panderichthys, and phylogenetic analyses place Palaeospondylus in between them. Because the unique features of Palaeospondylus, such as the cartilaginous skeleton and the absence of paired appendages, are present in the larva of crown tetrapods, our study highlights an unanticipated heterochronic evolution at the root of tetrapods.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Morphology of <i>Palaeospondylus</i> shows affinity to tetrapod ancestors","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-14 01:32:04.598812","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2022,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2022-06-02","DateCreate":"2022-06-02","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000801987500003","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1038/s41586-022-04781-3"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":352303,"PubliDate":2022,"Pagination":"109-112","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"606","Issue":"7912","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":43431,"SerRR":"Nature: International Weekly Journal of Science. Nature Publishing Group: London.  ISSN 0028-0836; e-ISSN 1476-4687","StandardTitleSer":"Nature: International Weekly Journal of Science","ISSN":"0028-0836","AbbrevSer":"Nature (Lond.)","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":109,"Pages":4,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":[{"XBRefID":352302,"RefStrFull":"<b>Fernández, J.M.; Janvier, P.</b> (2022). The fossil riddle of <i>Palaeospondylus</i>. <i>Nature (Lond.) 606(7912)</i>: 35-37. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/d41586-022-01366-y\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/d41586-022-01366-y</a>","RelID":4,"RelationY":"Related to","StandardTitle":"The fossil riddle of <i>Palaeospondylus</i>"}],"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Hirasawa","Firstname":"Tatsuya","Initials":"T.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":350010,"AutID":487305,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Hu","Firstname":"Yuzhi","Initials":"Y.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":350010,"AutID":487306,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Uesugi","Firstname":"Kentaro","Initials":"K.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":350010,"AutID":361533,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Hoshino","Firstname":"Masato","Initials":"M.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":350010,"AutID":361535,"OrderNr":4,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Manabe","Firstname":"Makoto","Initials":"M.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":350010,"AutID":487309,"OrderNr":5,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Kuratani","Firstname":"Shigeru","Initials":"S.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":350010,"AutID":157214,"OrderNr":6,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":377591,"LibID":36,"BRefID":352303,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":null,"ShelfLocCode":"377591","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":"Interne VLIZ documenten","Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","DutchTerm":"Non-open access","URL":null,"ClassifID":228,"Classification":"Non-open access","ReqLink":1,"ClassifTypID":3,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":1,"InternalReq":1,"LoggedInReq":1,"Disclaimer":"Disclaimer_VLIZ_Intern","DutchDisclaimer":"<p>Deze publicatie is enkel beschikbaar voor persoonlijk gebruik binnen de Innovocean site <br />en mag op geen enkele manier verder worden verspreid.</p>","FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":36,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":1,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"A","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"Nature Publishing Group","City":"London"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":null,"thestermsASFA":null,"taxtermsASFA":null,"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":null,"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":null,"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":350010,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"},{"BEntID":350010,"AbstractFlag":1,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":[{"URL":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04781-3","externalID":"10.1038/s41586-022-04781-3","URLTypeCode":"DOI","URLID":103017,"URLTypID":13,"URLType":"DOI","URLPrefix":"http://dx.doi.org/"}],"thesterms":null,"taxterms":null,"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":null,"taxtermsFRIS":null,"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"Chisala, Chilekwa, C.","newSesDate":{"date":"2022-06-02 12:23:18.480000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Chisala, Chilekwa, C.","updSesDate":{"date":"2022-06-02 12:23:18.480000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}