{"refrec":{"BRefID":352964,"RR":"<b>Staehr, S.U.; Van der Zande, D.; Staehr, P.A.U.; Markager, S.</b> (2022). Suitability of multisensory satellites for long-term chlorophyll assessment in coastal waters: a case study in optically-complex waters of the temperate region. <i>Ecol. Indic. 134</i>: 108479. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108479\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108479</a>","BEntID":350673,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Ecol. Indic. 134</i>: 108479. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108479\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108479</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Staehr, S.U.; Van der Zande, D.; Staehr, P.A.U.; Markager, S.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Staehr, S.U. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"We investigated the use of multisensory satellite data to determine long-term changes in surface chlorophyll concentrations using a 19-year (1998–2016) time series of chlorophyll data in the Danish Kattegat region of the Baltic Sea. Merged satellite estimates (SeaWiFS-MODIS/Aqua-MERIS-VIIRS) were compared with <em>in situ</em> ship based time series from four monitoring stations situated with increasing distance from land and nutrient sources. <em>In situ</em> and satellite derived estimates showed similar trend in chlorophyll with several fold higher values closer to land. Satellites aligned very well with <em>in situ</em> estimates in the open water stations but showed significant differences in magnitude and inter-annual variability, in particular in shallow coastal waters. Some systematic deviation was observed with satellite underestimating the growing season average for the earlier periods (1998–2002) and overestimating for the later period (2012–2016) compared to <em>in situ</em> estimates. Comparing growing season chlorophyll means over the 19&nbsp;year period showed increasing magnitude and variability in nearshore and shallower areas, most pronounced for the satellite derived chlorophyll. Satellites overestimated chlorophyll in nearshore areas 2–4 fold, despite excluding shallow nearshore areas with possible benthic interferences from the analyses. This bias needs further validation and requires correction to improve the overall applicability of satellites for long-term monitoring of chlorophyll in the Kattegat region. From analysis of normalized data, we developed a simple correction model, which reduced deviations considerably between methods, underlying the importance of <em>in situ</em> data for application of satellite observations. While significant deviations were observed from <em>in situ</em> data, satellites are clearly advantageous in the much higher temporal and high spatial coverage they provide. Multisensory satellites can, however, not be used currently as a standalone technique for long-term assessment of chlorophyll. They require validation with <em>in situ</em> measurements, which provide essential data for calibration, validation and correction of satellite based estimates. A complementary use of multisensory satellite and <em>in situ</em> measurements therefore remains essential to assess trends in the ecological status of optically complex waters such as the Kattegat region of the Baltic Sea.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Suitability of multisensory satellites for long-term chlorophyll assessment in coastal waters: a case study in optically-complex waters of the temperate region","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-05-08 01:34:05.859706","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Chlorophyll; Ecological indicator; Good ecological status; Eutrophication; Remote Sensing; Satellites; In situ; Baltic Sea","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2022,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2022-06-23","DateCreate":"2022-06-23","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000761335200002","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108479"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":352964,"PubliDate":2022,"Pagination":"108479","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"134","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":45477,"SerRR":"Ecological Indicators. 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