{"refrec":{"BRefID":353334,"RR":"<b>Gerken, T.J.; Roberts, M.C.; Dykema, P.; Melly, G.; Lucas, D.; De los Santos, V.; Gonzalez, J.; Butaye, P.; Wiegner, T.N.</b> (2021). Environmental surveillance and characterization of antibiotic resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> at coastal beaches and rivers on the island of Hawaiʻi. <i>Antibiotics-Basel 10(8)</i>: 980. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10080980\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10080980</a>","BEntID":351043,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Antibiotics-Basel 10(8)</i>: 980. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10080980\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10080980</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Gerken, T.J.; Roberts, M.C.; Dykema, P.; Melly, G.; Lucas, D.; De los Santos, V.; Gonzalez, J.; Butaye, P.; Wiegner, T.N.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Gerken, T.J. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> are human facultative pathogenic bacteria and can be found as contaminants in the environment. The aim of our study was to determine whether methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible <i>S. aureus</i> (MSSA) isolated from coastal beach and river waters, anchialine pools, sand, and wastewater on the island of Hawaiʻi, Hawaiʻi, are a potential health risk. Samples were collected from three regions on Hawaiʻi Island from July to December 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic and were characterized using whole-genome sequencing (WGS). From WGS data, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), SCC<i>mec</i> type, antimicrobial resistance genes, virulence factors, and plasmids were identified. Of the 361 samples, 98.1% were positive for <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. and 7.2% were <i>S. aureus</i> positive (n = 26); nine MRSA and 27 MSSA strains were characterized; multiple isolates were chosen from the same sample in two sand and seven coastal beach water samples. The nine MRSA isolates were multi-drug resistant (6–9 genes) sequence type (ST) 8, clonal complex (CC) 8, SCC<i>mec</i> type IVa (USA300 clone), and were clonally related (0–16 SNP differences), and carried 16–19 virulence factors. The 27 MSSA isolates were grouped into eight CCs and 12 STs. Seventy-eight percent of the MSSA isolates carried 1–5 different antibiotic resistance genes and carried 5–19 virulence factors. We found <i>S. aureus</i> in coastal beach and river waters, anchialine pools, and sand at locations with limited human activity on the island of Hawaiʻi. This may be a public health hazard.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Environmental surveillance and characterization of antibiotic resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> at coastal beaches and rivers on the island of Hawaiʻi","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Staphylococcus aureus; MRSA; MSSA; whole-genome sequencing; USA300; sequence types; antimicrobial resistance; virulence factors; beaches; rivers","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2021,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2022-07-05","DateCreate":"2022-07-01","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000688680300001","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.3390/antibiotics10080980"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":353334,"PubliDate":2021,"Pagination":"980","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"10","Issue":"8","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":263535,"SerRR":"Antibiotics-Basel. 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