{"refrec":{"BRefID":354078,"RR":"<b>de Souza, E.M.S.; Freitas, L.; Ramos, E.K.S.; Selleghin-Veiga, G.; Rachid-Ribeiro, M.C.; Silva, F.A.; Marmontel, M.; dos Santos, F.R.; Laudisoit, A.; Verheyen, E.; Domning, D.P.; Nery, M.F.</b> (2021). The evolutionary history of manatees told by their mitogenomes. <i>NPG Scientific Reports 11(1)</i>: 3564. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82390-2\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82390-2</a>","BEntID":351791,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>NPG Scientific Reports 11(1)</i>: 3564. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82390-2\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82390-2</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"de Souza, E.M.S.; Freitas, L.; Ramos, E.K.S.; Selleghin-Veiga, G.; Rachid-Ribeiro, M.C.; Silva, F.A.; Marmontel, M.; dos Santos, F.R.; Laudisoit, A.; Verheyen, E.; Domning, D.P.; Nery, M.F.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"de Souza, E.M.S. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"The manatee family encompasses three extant congeneric species: <i>Trichechus senegalensis</i> (African manatee), <i>T. inunguis</i> (Amazonian manatee), and <i>T. manatus</i> (West Indian manatee). The fossil record for manatees is scant, and few phylogenetic studies have focused on their evolutionary history. We use full mitogenomes of all extant manatee species to infer the divergence dates and biogeographical histories of these species and the effect of natural selection on their mitogenomes. The complete mitochondrial genomes of <i>T. inunguis</i> (16,851&nbsp;bp), <i>T. senegalensis</i> (16,882&nbsp;bp), and <i>T. manatus</i> (16,882&nbsp;bp), comprise 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNA - 12S and 16S), and 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNA), and (D-loop/CR). Our analyses show that the first split within <i>Trichechus</i> occurred during the Late Miocene (posterior mean 6.56&nbsp;Ma and 95% HPD 3.81–10.66&nbsp;Ma), followed by a diversification event in the Plio-Pleistocene (posterior mean 1.34&nbsp;Ma, 95% HPD 0.1–4.23) in the clade composed by <i>T. inunguis</i> and <i>T. manatus</i>; <i>T. senegalensis</i> is the sister group of this clade with higher support values (<i>pp</i> &gt; 0.90). The branch-site test identified positive selection on <i>T. inunguis</i> in the 181st position of the <i>ND4</i> amino acid gene (LRT = 6.06, <i>p</i> = 0.0069, BEB posterior probability = 0.96). The <i>ND4</i> gene encodes one subunit of the NADH dehydrogenase complex, part of the oxidative phosphorylation machinery. In conclusion, our results provide novel insight into the evolutionary history of the Trichechidae during the Late Miocene, which was influenced by geological events, such as Amazon Basin formation.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"The evolutionary history of manatees told by their mitogenomes","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-04-20 01:32:51.875833","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2021,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2022-07-27","DateCreate":"2022-07-25","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000626725100011","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-021-82390-2"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":354078,"PubliDate":2021,"Pagination":"3564","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"11","Issue":"1","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":208093,"SerRR":"Scientific Reports (Nature Publishing Group). 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