{"refrec":{"BRefID":359050,"RR":"<b>Van Roy, W.; Van Nieuwenhove, A.; Scheldeman, K.; Van Roozendael, B.; Schallier, R.; Mellqvist, J.; Maes, F.</b> (2022). Measurement of sulfur-dioxide emissions from ocean-going vessels in Belgium using novel techniques. <i>Atmosphere 13(11)</i>: 1756. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13111756\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13111756</a>","BEntID":356765,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Atmosphere 13(11)</i>: 1756. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13111756\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13111756</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Van Roy, W.; Van Nieuwenhove, A.; Scheldeman, K.; Van Roozendael, B.; Schallier, R.; Mellqvist, J.; Maes, F.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Van Roy, W. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Air pollutants emitted by ocean-going vessels (OGVs) cause numerous environmental and human health problems. In 2016, the Belgian Coastguard aircraft was equipped with a sniffer sensor to monitor compliance with MARPOL Annex VI Regulation 14. However, the sensor was susceptible to NO and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), which had a negative impact on the measurement uncertainty. The elimination of measurement errors was achieved by modifying the sensor, including among others the addition of a NO<sub>x</sub> sensor and a custom-designed hydrocarbon kicker. This resulted in a substantial improvement in the measurement quality and uncertainty of the derived Fuel Sulfur Content (FSC). As a direct result of this, the reporting thresholds for non-compliance drastically improved. The data analysis of sampled OGVs showed that compliance levels notably improved between 2019 and 2020 (from 95.9% to 97.3%), coinciding with the implementation of the Global Sulfur Cap. Findings in this study have also demonstrated that OGVs equipped with emission abatement technology (scrubbers) are more susceptible to non-compliance with Regulation 14 of MARPOL Annex VI. Given these results, this article provides an answer to the question of how to monitor effective implementation of NO emissions from OGVs.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Measurement of sulfur-dioxide emissions from ocean-going vessels in Belgium using novel techniques","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"airborne compliance monitoring; MARPOL Annex VI; SECA; scrubbers; sulfur-dioxide","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2022,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2023-01-11","DateCreate":"2022-11-07","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000883867500001","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.3390/atmos13111756"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":359050,"PubliDate":2022,"Pagination":"1756","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"13","Issue":"11","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":264089,"SerRR":"Atmosphere. 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