{"refrec":{"BRefID":359296,"RR":"<b>Rajaram, R.; Ganeshkumar, A.; Emmanuel Charles, P.</b> (2023). Ecological risk assessment of metals in the Arctic environment with emphasis on Kongsfjorden Fjord and freshwater lakes of Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. <i>Chemosphere 310</i>: 136737. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136737\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136737</a>","BEntID":357011,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Chemosphere 310</i>: 136737. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136737\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136737</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Rajaram, R.; Ganeshkumar, A.; Emmanuel Charles, P.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Rajaram, R.; Ganeshkumar, A.; Emmanuel Charles, P.","Englishabstract":"The concentrations of five heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn) in the sediments, water, <a href=\"/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/phytoplankton\" title=\"Learn more about phytoplankton from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\">phytoplankton</a><span><span><span>, zooplankton, and <a href=\"/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/macroalgae\" title=\"Learn more about macroalgae from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\">macroalgae</a> from Kongsfjorden </span><a href=\"/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/fjord\" title=\"Learn more about Fjord from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\">Fjord</a><span> and the freshwater lakes of Ny-Ålesund in the <a href=\"/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/svalbard\" title=\"Learn more about Svalbard from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\">Svalbard</a><span> <a href=\"/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/archipelago\" title=\"Learn more about archipelago from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\">archipelago</a> were determined in order to describe the anthropogenic impacts related to the Ny-Ålesund town. Water samples from nine stations, sediment samples from 23 stations, </span></span></span><a href=\"/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/plankton\" title=\"Learn more about plankton from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\">plankton</a><span> samples from five stations, and six species of macroalgae were collected and subjected to heavy metal analysis using atomic absorption <a href=\"/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/spectrophotometry\" title=\"Learn more about spectrophotometry from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\">spectrophotometry</a><span> (AAS). Only Cu and Zn were detected in the water samples. The plankton samples had only Zn, Cu, and Cr. The average metal concentrations in macroalgae fell in the decreasing order of Cu&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;Zn&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;Cr&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;Cd&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;Pb. In sediment samples, the metal order was as follows: Zn&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;Cu&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;Cr&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;Pb&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;Cd. Multivariate statistical analyses including principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were used to identify the source of the metal contamination. The metals were found to originate from a blend of both anthropogenic and geogenic sources. Pollution monitoring indices including <a href=\"/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/geoaccumulation-index\" title=\"Learn more about geoaccumulation index from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\">geoaccumulation index</a> (I</span></span></span></span><sub>geo</sub>), contamination factor, contamination degree (C<sub>deg</sub>), pollution load index (PLI), and potential ecological risk (PER) were calculated using the metal data. In the study area, I<sub>geo</sub> values of the metals showed pollution grades from 0 (uncontaminated) to 6 (extremely contaminated). C<sub>deg</sub><span> fell in classes from 1 (low contamination) to 4 (very high contamination). PLI values ranged between 0 and 5.68. PER values expressed that except for a few stations located at higher elevations in the glacial <a href=\"/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/outwash\" title=\"Learn more about outwash from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\">outwash</a> plains, all other sites were highly polluted. The high level of pollution indices in the sites can be attributed to the anthropogenic activities persistent in the study area.</span>","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Ecological risk assessment of metals in the Arctic environment with emphasis on Kongsfjorden Fjord and freshwater lakes of Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Polar, Heavy metal, Ecotoxicology, Svalbard, Kongsfjorden, Risk assessment","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2023,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2022-11-17","DateCreate":"2022-11-17","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000916182400005","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136737"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":359296,"PubliDate":2023,"Pagination":"136737","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"310","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":42564,"SerRR":"Chemosphere. Elsevier: Oxford.  ISSN 0045-6535; e-ISSN 1879-1298","StandardTitleSer":"Chemosphere","ISSN":"0045-6535","AbbrevSer":"Chemosphere","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":null,"Pages":null,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Rajaram","Firstname":"Rajendran","Initials":"R.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":357011,"AutID":500189,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Ganeshkumar","Firstname":"Arumugam","Initials":"A.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":357011,"AutID":509245,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Emmanuel Charles","Firstname":"Partheeban","Initials":"P.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":357011,"AutID":509246,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":null,"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"Elsevier","City":"Oxford"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":null,"thestermsASFA":null,"taxtermsASFA":null,"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":[{"Collection":"VLIZ Acknowledged Publications","ShortName":"VLIZ ackn"}],"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":{"941":{"SpName":"LifeWatch Species Information Backbone","SpColID":941,"ParSpColID":39,"TopParID":39,"ShortName":"LifeWatch Species Information Backbone","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":39,"SpColPath":"VLIZ ackn/LifeWatch Species Information Backbone"},"39":{"SpName":"VLIZ Acknowledged Publications","SpColID":39,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"VLIZ ackn","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"VLIZ ackn"},"507":{"SpName":"World Register of Marine Species","SpColID":507,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"WoRMS website","URLLocation":null,"LibID":null,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"WoRMS website"},"915":{"SpName":"World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) acknowledged","SpColID":915,"ParSpColID":941,"TopParID":39,"ShortName":"WoRMS ackn","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":39,"SpColPath":"VLIZ ackn/LifeWatch Species Information Backbone/WoRMS ackn"},"947":{"SpName":"WoRMS ackn - direct reference","SpColID":947,"ParSpColID":915,"TopParID":39,"ShortName":"WoRMS ackn - direct","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":39,"SpColPath":"VLIZ ackn/LifeWatch Species Information Backbone/WoRMS ackn/WoRMS ackn - direct"}},"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":357011,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"},{"BEntID":357011,"AbstractFlag":1,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":[{"URL":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136737","externalID":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136737","URLTypeCode":"DOI","URLID":108044,"URLTypID":13,"URLType":"DOI","URLPrefix":"http://dx.doi.org/"}],"thesterms":null,"taxterms":null,"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":null,"taxtermsFRIS":null,"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"VLIZ2000\\liesjes","newSesDate":{"date":"2022-11-17 08:32:22.447000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"VLIZ2000\\liesjes","updSesDate":{"date":"2022-11-17 08:32:22.447000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}