{"refrec":{"BRefID":359787,"RR":"<b>James, R.K.; Hepburn, C.D.; Pritchard, D.; Richards, D.K.; Hurd, C.L.</b> (2022). Water motion and pH jointly impact the availability of dissolved inorganic carbon to macroalgae. <i>NPG Scientific Reports 12(1)</i>: 21947. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-26517-z\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-26517-z</a>","BEntID":357502,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>NPG Scientific Reports 12(1)</i>: 21947. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-26517-z\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-26517-z</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"James, R.K.; Hepburn, C.D.; Pritchard, D.; Richards, D.K.; Hurd, C.L.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"James, R.K. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"The supply of dissolved inorganic carbon to seaweeds is a key factor regulating photosynthesis. Thinner diffusive boundary layers at the seaweed surface or greater seawater carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) concentrations increase CO<sub>2</sub> supply to the seaweed surface. This may benefit seaweeds by alleviating carbon limitation either via an increased supply of CO<sub>2</sub> that is taken up by passive diffusion, or via the down-regulation of active carbon concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) that enable the utilization of the abundant ion bicarbonate (HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>). Laboratory experiments showed that a 5 times increase in&nbsp;water motion increases DIC uptake efficiency in both a non-CCM (<i>Hymenena palmata,</i> Rhodophyta) and CCM (<i>Xiphophora gladiata,</i> Phaeophyceae) seaweed. In a field survey, brown and green seaweeds with active-CCMs maintained their CCM activity under diverse conditions of water motion. Whereas red seaweeds exhibited flexible photosynthetic rates depending on CO<sub>2</sub> availability, and species switched from a non-CCM strategy in wave-exposed sites to an active-CCM strategy in sheltered sites where mass transfer of CO<sub>2</sub> would be reduced. 97–99% of the seaweed assemblages at both wave-sheltered and exposed sites consisted of active-CCM species. Variable sensitivities to external CO<sub>2</sub> would drive different responses to increasing CO<sub>2</sub> availability, although dominance of the&nbsp;CCM-strategy suggests this will have minimal impact within shallow seaweed assemblages.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Water motion and pH jointly impact the availability of dissolved inorganic carbon to macroalgae","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-10 01:32:46.932668","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2022,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2024-03-18","DateCreate":"2022-12-21","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000971311200077","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-022-26517-z"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":359787,"PubliDate":2022,"Pagination":"21947","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"12","Issue":"1","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":208093,"SerRR":"Scientific Reports (Nature Publishing Group). 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