{"refrec":{"BRefID":362779,"RR":"<b>Elma, M.; Mujiyanti, D.R.; Ismail, N.M.; Bilad, M.R.; Rahma, A.; Rahman, S.K.; Fitriani, F.; Rakhman, A.; Rampun, E.L.A.</b> (2020). Development of hybrid and templated silica-P123 membranes for brackish water desalination. <i>Polymers 12(11)</i>: 2644. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12112644\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12112644</a>","BEntID":360497,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Polymers 12(11)</i>: 2644. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12112644\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12112644</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":1,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Elma, M.; Mujiyanti, D.R.; Ismail, N.M.; Bilad, M.R.; Rahma, A.; Rahman, S.K.; Fitriani, F.; Rakhman, A.; Rampun, E.L.A.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Elma, M. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Water scarcity is still a pressing issue in many regions. The application of membrane technology through water desalination to convert brackish to potable water is a promising technology to solve this issue. This study compared the performance of templated TEOS-P123 and ES40-P123 hybrid membranes for brackish water desalination. The membranes were prepared by the sol–gel method by employing tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) for the carbon-templated silica (soft template) and ethyl silicate (ES40) for the hybrid organo-silica. Both sols were templated by adding 35 wt.% of pluronic triblock copolymer (P123) as the carbon source. The silica-templated sols were dip-coated onto alumina support (four layers) and were calcined by using the RTP (rapid thermal processing) method. The prepared membranes were tested using pervaporation set up at room temperature (~25 °C) using brackish water (0.3 and 1 wt.%) as the feed. It was found that the hybrid membrane exhibited the highest specific surface area (6.72 m<sup>2</sup>·g<sup>−1</sup>), pore size (3.67 nm), and pore volume (0.45 cm<sup>3</sup>·g<sup>−1</sup>). The hybrid ES40-P123 was twice thicker (2 μm) than TEOS-P123-templated membranes (1 μm). Lastly, the hybrid ES40-P123 displayed highest water flux of 6.2 kg·m<sup>−2</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup>. Both membranes showed excellent robustness and salt rejections of &gt;99%.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Development of hybrid and templated silica-P123 membranes for brackish water desalination","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"mesoporous silica; rapid thermal processing; sol–gel process; brackish water desalination","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2020,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2023-03-28","DateCreate":"2023-03-27","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000594354800001","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.3390/polym12112644"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":362779,"PubliDate":2020,"Pagination":"2644","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"12","Issue":"11","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":276597,"SerRR":"Polymers. 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