{"refrec":{"BRefID":363658,"RR":"<b>Kundu, K.; Van Landuyt, J.; Mattelin, V.; Martin, B.; Neyts, M.; Parmentier, K.; Boon, N.</b> (2023). Enhanced removal of warfare agent tri-nitro-toluene by a <i>Methylophaga</i>-dominated microbiome. <i>Mar. Pollut. Bull. 190</i>: 114866. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114866\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114866</a>","BEntID":361377,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Mar. Pollut. Bull. 190</i>: 114866. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114866\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114866</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Kundu, K.; Van Landuyt, J.; Mattelin, V.; Martin, B.; Neyts, M.; Parmentier, K.; Boon, N.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Kundu, K. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Historical exposure of the marine environment to 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) happened due to the dumping of left-over munitions. Despite significant research on TNT decontamination, the potential of marine microbiome for TNT degradation remains only little explored. In this study, TNT degradation experiments were conducted with sediment located near the World War I munition dumpsite – <i>Paardenmarkt</i> in the Belgian part of North Sea. A slow removal was observed using TNT as sole source of C and N, which could be enhanced by adding methanol. Degradation was reflected in nitro-reduced metabolites and microbial growth. 16S Illumina sequencing analysis revealed several enriched genera that used TNT as a sole source of C and N - <i>Colwellia, Thalossospira</i>, and <i>Methylophaga</i>. Addition of methanol resulted in increased abundance of <i>Methylophaga</i>, which corresponded to the rapid removal of TNT. Methanol enhanced the degradation by providing additional energy and establishing syntrophic association between methanol-utilizing and TNT-utilizing bacteria.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Enhanced removal of warfare agent tri-nitro-toluene by a <i>Methylophaga</i>-dominated microbiome","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-04-20 01:32:56.516872","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Explosives; Tri-nitro-toluene; Degradation; Marine environment; Methylophaga","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2023,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2025-09-18","DateCreate":"2023-04-14","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000972413300001","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114866"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":363658,"PubliDate":2023,"Pagination":"114866","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"190","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":43520,"SerRR":"Marine Pollution Bulletin. 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