{"refrec":{"BRefID":364055,"RR":"<b>Lefaible, N.; Braeckman, U.; Degraer, S.; Vanaverbeke, J.; Moens, T.</b> (2023). A wind of change for soft-sediment infauna within operational offshore windfarms. <i>Mar. Environ. Res. 188</i>: 106009. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106009\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106009</a>","BEntID":361775,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Mar. Environ. Res. 188</i>: 106009. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106009\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106009</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Lefaible, N.; Braeckman, U.; Degraer, S.; Vanaverbeke, J.; Moens, T.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Lefaible, N. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"In this study, “artificial reef” (AR) impacts of offshore windfarms (OWFs) on the surrounding soft-sediments were investigated. Benthic grab samples were collected at nearby (37.5 m) and distant (500 or 350 m) positions from turbines of two Belgian OWFs (Belwind: monopiles and C-Power: jackets). Higher macrobenthos abundance and species richness were found nearby jacket foundations of C-Power compared to distant positions and differences were most pronounced within deeper sediments (i.e., gullies between sandbanks) at intermediate levels of fine sand fractions (10–20%) and total organic matter (0.5–0.9%). Strong benthic enrichment (&gt;1000 ind. m<sup>−2</sup>, &gt;20 spp. sample<sup>−1</sup>) was also linked with higher fine sand fractions (&gt;20%) near the jackets. Moreover, nearby sediments showed higher occurrences of coastal species and habitat diversification was promoted by <i>Mytilus edulis</i> shell debris and alive organisms (“biofouling drop-offs”). The lack of similar results around monopiles (Belwind) confirms that the extent of detectable AR-effects depends on site- and turbine specific factors.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"A wind of change for soft-sediment infauna within operational offshore windfarms","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-06 01:35:02.337097","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Renewable energy development; Artificial reef effects; Macrofaunal communities; Ecological changes","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2023,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2025-09-18","DateCreate":"2023-05-05","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000992275400001","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106009"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":364055,"PubliDate":2023,"Pagination":"106009","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"188","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":43357,"SerRR":"Marine Environmental Research. 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