{"refrec":{"BRefID":364404,"RR":"<b>Kuwahara, H.; Nakada, R.; Kadoya, S.; Yoshino, T.; Irifune, T.</b> (2023). Hadean mantle oxidation inferred from melting of peridotite under lower-mantle conditions. <i>Nature Geoscience 16(5)</i>: 461-465. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41561-023-01169-4\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41561-023-01169-4</a>","BEntID":362124,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Nature Geoscience 16(5)</i>: 461-465. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41561-023-01169-4\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41561-023-01169-4</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Kuwahara, H.; Nakada, R.; Kadoya, S.; Yoshino, T.; Irifune, T.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Kuwahara, H. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"The early Earth’s mantle is believed to have been highly reducing when it formed from a magma ocean equilibrating with the core. Conversely, some geological evidence suggests that the Hadean upper mantle was oxidized to a similar degree as or even more than that of today. Previous work on the high-pressure melting of andesite demonstrated the disproportionation of Fe<sup>2+</sup> to Fe<sup>3+</sup> plus Fe<sup>0</sup> in the melt, suggesting the magma ocean became more oxidized as Fe<sup>0</sup> was removed into the core. Here we present results of experiments melting peridotite at pressures to 28 GPa, that of the uppermost lower mantle. We show the Fe<sup>3+</sup> content of Earth’s magma ocean was an order of magnitude greater than that of the present upper mantle if the magma ocean reached the lower mantle, which quantitatively explains the geological evidence for a highly oxidized Hadean mantle. This Hadean great mantle oxidation should have ended with the cessation of the huge impacts that sustained a deep magma ocean. The subsequent reduction in Fe<sup>3+</sup> content and oxidation state of the upper mantle may be attributed to the accretion of reduced materials by small impactors in late Hadean and early Archaean eons.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Hadean mantle oxidation inferred from melting of peridotite under lower-mantle conditions","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2023,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2023-05-17","DateCreate":"2023-05-17","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000981406300003","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1038/s41561-023-01169-4"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":364404,"PubliDate":2023,"Pagination":"461-465","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"16","Issue":"5","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":123796,"SerRR":"Nature Geoscience. Nature Publishing Group: London.  ISSN 1752-0894; e-ISSN 1752-0908","StandardTitleSer":"Nature Geoscience","ISSN":"1752-0894","AbbrevSer":"Nature Geoscience","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":461,"Pages":5,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":[{"YBRefID":364403,"RefStrFull":"<b>Gaillard, F.</b> (2023). Oxygen-rich melt in deep magma oceans. <i>Nature Geoscience 16(5)</i>: 392-393. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41561-023-01178-3\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41561-023-01178-3</a>","RelID":4,"Relation":"Related to","StandardTitle":"Oxygen-rich melt in deep magma oceans"}],"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Kuwahara","Firstname":"Hideharu","Initials":"H.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":362124,"AutID":531335,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Nakada","Firstname":"Ryoichi","Initials":"R.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":362124,"AutID":361531,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Kadoya","Firstname":"Shintaro","Initials":"S.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":362124,"AutID":531337,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Yoshino","Firstname":"Takashi","Initials":"T.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":362124,"AutID":531338,"OrderNr":4,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Irifune","Firstname":"Tetsuo","Initials":"T.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":362124,"AutID":531339,"OrderNr":5,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":390110,"LibID":36,"BRefID":364404,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":null,"ShelfLocCode":"390110","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":"Interne VLIZ documenten","Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","DutchTerm":"Non-open access","URL":null,"ClassifID":228,"Classification":"Non-open access","ReqLink":1,"ClassifTypID":3,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":1,"InternalReq":1,"LoggedInReq":1,"Disclaimer":"Disclaimer_VLIZ_Intern","DutchDisclaimer":"<p>Deze publicatie is enkel beschikbaar voor persoonlijk gebruik binnen de Innovocean site <br />en mag op geen enkele manier verder worden verspreid.</p>","FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":36,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":1,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"A","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"Nature Publishing Group","City":"London"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":null,"thestermsASFA":null,"taxtermsASFA":null,"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":null,"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":null,"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":362124,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"},{"BEntID":362124,"AbstractFlag":1,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":[{"URL":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41561-023-01169-4","externalID":"10.1038/s41561-023-01169-4","URLTypeCode":"DOI","URLID":117175,"URLTypID":13,"URLType":"DOI","URLPrefix":"http://dx.doi.org/"}],"thesterms":null,"taxterms":null,"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":null,"taxtermsFRIS":null,"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"Chisala, Chilekwa, C.","newSesDate":{"date":"2023-05-17 08:43:15.603000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Chisala, Chilekwa, C.","updSesDate":{"date":"2023-05-17 08:43:15.603000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}