{"refrec":{"BRefID":365526,"RR":"<b>Rosentreter, J.A.; Laruelle, G.G.; Bange, H.W.; Bianchi, T.S.; Busecke, J.J.M.; Cai, W.-J.; Eyre, B.D.; Forbrich, I.; Kwon, E.Y.; Maavara, T.; Moosdorf, N.; Najjar, R.G.; Sarma, V.V.S.S.; Van Dam, B.R.; Regnier, P.</b> (2023). Coastal vegetation and estuaries are collectively a greenhouse gas sink. <i>Nat. Clim. Chang. 13(6)</i>: 579-587. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41558-023-01682-9\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41558-023-01682-9</a>","BEntID":363247,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Nat. Clim. Chang. 13(6)</i>: 579-587. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41558-023-01682-9\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41558-023-01682-9</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Rosentreter, J.A.; Laruelle, G.G.; Bange, H.W.; Bianchi, T.S.; Busecke, J.J.M.; Cai, W.-J.; Eyre, B.D.; Forbrich, I.; Kwon, E.Y.; Maavara, T.; Moosdorf, N.; Najjar, R.G.; Sarma, V.V.S.S.; Van Dam, B.R.; Regnier, P.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Rosentreter, J.A. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Coastal ecosystems release or absorb carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>), methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) and nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O), but the net effects of these ecosystems on the radiative balance remain unknown. We compiled a dataset of observations from 738 sites from studies published between 1975 and 2020 to quantify CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O fluxes in estuaries and coastal vegetation in ten global regions. We show that the CO<sub>2</sub>-equivalent (CO<sub>2</sub>e) uptake by coastal vegetation is decreased by 23–27% due to estuarine CO<sub>2</sub>e outgassing, resulting in a global median net sink of 391 or 444 TgCO<sub>2</sub>e yr<sup>−1</sup> using the 20- or 100-year global warming potentials, respectively. Globally, total coastal CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O emissions decrease the coastal CO<sub>2</sub> sink by 9–20%. Southeast Asia, North America and Africa are critical regional hotspots of GHG sinks. Understanding these hotspots can guide our efforts to strengthen coastal CO<sub>2</sub> uptake while effectively reducing CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O emissions.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Coastal vegetation and estuaries are collectively a greenhouse gas sink","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-04-18 01:32:35.522845","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"NITROUS-OXIDE;CARBON;METHANE;EMISSIONS;VARIABILITY;CO2;MANGROVES;STORAGE;WATERS;RIVERS","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2023,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2025-09-18","DateCreate":"2023-07-03","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000993679600002","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1038/s41558-023-01682-9"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":365526,"PubliDate":2023,"Pagination":"579-587","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"13","Issue":"6","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":218223,"SerRR":"Nature Climate Change. 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