{"refrec":{"BRefID":366945,"RR":"<b>Kim, G.-U.; Lee, J.; Kim, Y.S.; Noh, J.H.; Kwon, Y.S.; Lee, H.; Lee, M.; Jeong, J.; Hyun, M.J.; Won, J.; Jeong, J.-Y.</b> (2023). Impact of vertical stratification on the 2020 spring bloom in the Yellow Sea. <i>NPG Scientific Reports 13(1)</i>: 14320 . <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-40503-z\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-40503-z</a>","BEntID":364669,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>NPG Scientific Reports 13(1)</i>: 14320. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-40503-z\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-40503-z</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Kim, G.-U.; Lee, J.; Kim, Y.S.; Noh, J.H.; Kwon, Y.S.; Lee, H.; Lee, M.; Jeong, J.; Hyun, M.J.; Won, J.; Jeong, J.-Y.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Kim, G.-U. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"The Yellow Sea is one of the world’s most abundant marine resources, providing food and economic benefits to the Korean and Chinese populations. In spring 2020, a decrease in the intensity of phytoplankton bloom was observed. While one study attributed this decline to a decrease in nutrient associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, our previous research proposed weakened thermal stratification accompanied by a surface cooling anomaly as the cause. However, the relationship between the marine environment and ecosystem has not been fully elucidated. Using observations and marine physical-biogeochemical model data, we identified the weakened stratification as a critical factor for suppressing the 2020 spring bloom. Intense vertical mixing hindered the accumulation of nutrient and chlorophyll-a concentrations within the euphotic zone, resulting in a diminished phytoplankton bloom. In contrast, reduced nitrate and phosphate concentrations in 2020 were insignificant compared to those in 2017–2019, despite the notable decline in PM2.5 in March 2020 due to COVID-19. In April 2020, nutrient levels fell within the range of interannual variability based on long-term observations, reflecting a negligible effect on the spring phytoplankton bloom. Our findings provide insight into the importance of marine physical factors on the phytoplankton biomass in the Yellow Sea.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Impact of vertical stratification on the 2020 spring bloom in the Yellow Sea","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-14 01:32:11.302572","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2023,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2023-09-18","DateCreate":"2023-09-18","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:001059852100003","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-023-40503-z"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":366945,"PubliDate":2023,"Pagination":"14320","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"13","Issue":"1","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":208093,"SerRR":"Scientific Reports (Nature Publishing Group). Nature Publishing Group: London.  ISSN 2045-2322; e-ISSN 2045-2322","StandardTitleSer":"Scientific Reports (Nature Publishing Group)","ISSN":"2045-2322","AbbrevSer":"NPG Scientific Reports","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":14320,"Pages":null,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Kim","Firstname":"Go-Un","Initials":"G.-U.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":364669,"AutID":398892,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Lee","Firstname":"Jaeik","Initials":"J.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":364669,"AutID":538816,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Kim","Firstname":"Yong Sun","Initials":"Y.S.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":364669,"AutID":538817,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Noh","Firstname":"Jae Hoon","Initials":"J.H.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":364669,"AutID":249216,"OrderNr":4,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Kwon","Firstname":"Young Shin","Initials":"Y.S.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":364669,"AutID":538819,"OrderNr":5,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Lee","Firstname":"Howon","Initials":"H.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":364669,"AutID":538820,"OrderNr":6,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Lee","Firstname":"Meehye","Initials":"M.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":364669,"AutID":538821,"OrderNr":7,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Jeong","Firstname":"Jongmin","Initials":"J.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":364669,"AutID":538822,"OrderNr":8,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Hyun","Firstname":"Myung Jin","Initials":"M.J.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":364669,"AutID":538823,"OrderNr":9,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Won","Firstname":"Jongseok","Initials":"J.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":364669,"AutID":538824,"OrderNr":10,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Jeong","Firstname":"Jin-Yong","Initials":"J.-Y.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":364669,"AutID":538825,"OrderNr":11,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":392318,"LibID":36,"BRefID":366945,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":1,"ShelfLocCode":"392318","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":"VLIZ Open Access","Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","DutchTerm":"Open access","URL":null,"ClassifID":53,"Classification":"Open access","ReqLink":null,"ClassifTypID":1,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":null,"InternalReq":0,"LoggedInReq":0,"Disclaimer":null,"DutchDisclaimer":null,"FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":36,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":1,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"A","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"Nature Publishing Group","City":"London"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":null,"thestermsASFA":null,"taxtermsASFA":null,"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":null,"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":null,"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":364669,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"},{"BEntID":364669,"AbstractFlag":1,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":[{"URL":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-40503-z","externalID":"10.1038/s41598-023-40503-z","URLTypeCode":"DOI","URLID":118953,"URLTypID":13,"URLType":"DOI","URLPrefix":"http://dx.doi.org/"}],"thesterms":null,"taxterms":null,"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":null,"taxtermsFRIS":null,"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"Chisala, Chilekwa, C.","newSesDate":{"date":"2023-09-18 14:35:09.323000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Chisala, Chilekwa, C.","updSesDate":{"date":"2023-09-18 14:35:09.323000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}