{"refrec":{"BRefID":381155,"RR":"<b>Sun, X.; Fang, Z.; Yu, H.; Zhao, H.; Wang, Y.; Zhou, F.; Zhao, L.; Sun, J.; Tian, Y.</b> (2024). Effects of <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> (R8a) on nonspecific immune gene expression, immunity and intestinal flora of giant tiger shrimp (<i>Penaeus monodon</i>). <i>NPG Scientific Reports 14(1)</i>: 1823. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-52496-4\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-52496-4</a>","BEntID":378896,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>NPG Scientific Reports 14(1)</i>: 1823. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-52496-4\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-52496-4</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Sun, X.; Fang, Z.; Yu, H.; Zhao, H.; Wang, Y.; Zhou, F.; Zhao, L.; Sun, J.; Tian, Y.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Sun, X. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"In this study, <i>Penaeus monodon</i> were gave basic feed supplemented with three levels of <i>Enterococcus faecium</i>. Then, the expression of non-specific immunity-related genes, and the activities of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), phenol oxidase (PO) were evaluated. Meanwhile, the disease resistance test and intestinal flora determination were conducted. The results showed that the MDA levels of 2% and 5% <i>E. faecium</i> groups were significantly lower than that of the control group (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). While the SOD and T-AOC and ACP and AKP of experimental groups were significantly higher (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), the PO of experimental groups were significantly lower than that of the control group (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). In addition, the expressions of immunity-related genes (<i>tlr22</i>, <i>dorsal</i>, <i>lysozyme</i>, <i>crustin</i>, <i>imd</i>, and <i>relish</i>) in the 2% and 5% <i>E. faecalis</i> groups were significantly greater than those in the control group (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). After <i>P. monodon</i> was challenged with <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> for 7&nbsp;days, the average cumulative mortality of <i>P. monodon</i> in the 2% and 5% groups were significantly lower than that in the 0% group (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). With the increase of feeding time, the number of effective OTUs in each group showed a downward trend. At the 14th d, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, the dominant flora in the intestinal tract of <i>P. monodon</i>. In summary, supplied with <i>E. faecium</i> could increase the expression of non-specific immunity-related genes, enhance the immune capacity of <i>P. monodon.</i>","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Effects of <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> (R8a) on nonspecific immune gene expression, immunity and intestinal flora of giant tiger shrimp (<i>Penaeus monodon</i>)","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-14 01:32:15.693625","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2024,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2024-01-22","DateCreate":"2024-01-22","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:001146296600001","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-024-52496-4"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":381155,"PubliDate":2024,"Pagination":"1823","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"14","Issue":"1","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":208093,"SerRR":"Scientific Reports (Nature Publishing Group). 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