{"refrec":{"BRefID":391016,"RR":"<b>Bergmann, S.; Brenner, M.; Strehse, J.S.; Bünning, T.H.; Maser, E.; Grassel, P.; Heuskin, D.; Brandt, D.; Berger, M.; van der Wulp, S.; Skellhorn, M.; Hill, P.; Van Haelst, S.; De Rijcke, M.; Wichert, U.</b> (2024). Risk assessment of war wrecks - a comprehensive approach investigating four wrecks containing munitions in the German Bight/North Sea. <i>Propellants Explosives Pyrotechnics 49(4)</i>: e202300322. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prep.202300322\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prep.202300322</a>","BEntID":388763,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Propellants Explosives Pyrotechnics 49(4)</i>: e202300322. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prep.202300322\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prep.202300322</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Bergmann, S.; Brenner, M.; Strehse, J.S.; Bünning, T.H.; Maser, E.; Grassel, P.; Heuskin, D.; Brandt, D.; Berger, M.; van der Wulp, S.; Skellhorn, M.; Hill, P.; Van Haelst, S.; De Rijcke, M.; Wichert, U.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Bergmann, S. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Shipwrecks and dumped munition continue to be a major hazard, both in the North Sea but also on a global scale. Research within the EU Interreg project North Sea Wrecks (NSW), in cooperation with the German Aerospace Centre, Institute for the Protection of Maritime Infrastructures (DLR), is generating new insights into the status of wrecks, the potential leakage of pollutants from remaining munitions loads and the effects of contamination on exposed marine organisms in the North Sea environment. Further, historical documents are generated from archives to describe ship's history and sinking scenario. These historical findings were compared to models and images of the visual inspections of the wrecks. Further, samples of water, sediment and organisms are being analysed for traces of explosives. Combining the results of these different fields of research allows for a better understanding of the environmental risks deriving from these wrecks. This process is shown below by focusing on the wreck of the German light cruiser SMS MAINZ, which sank in 1914. Data were compared to three additional wrecks situated also within the southern German Bight. Available data about the wrecks were preliminary assessed using a wreck risk model. Finally, wrecks were ranked according to their potential environmental risk.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Risk assessment of war wrecks - a comprehensive approach investigating four wrecks containing munitions in the German Bight/North Sea","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2025-09-25 01:36:50.712317","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"biological effects of explosives, data fusion, historical documents, maritime risk assessment, underwater inspection, underwater munition","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2024,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2025-09-18","DateCreate":"2024-03-11","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:001184883800001","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1002/prep.202300322"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":391016,"PubliDate":2024,"Pagination":"e202300322","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"49","Issue":"4","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":372008,"SerRR":"Propellants Explosives Pyrotechnics. Wiley: Weinheim.  ISSN 0721-3115; e-ISSN 1521-4087","StandardTitleSer":"Propellants Explosives Pyrotechnics","ISSN":"0721-3115","AbbrevSer":null,"StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":null,"Pages":null,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Bergmann","Firstname":"Sven","Initials":"S.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":388763,"AutID":559471,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Brenner","Firstname":"Matthias","Initials":"M.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":388763,"AutID":505744,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Strehse","Firstname":"Jennifer Susanne","Initials":"J.S.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":388763,"AutID":559472,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Bünning","Firstname":"Tobias Hartwig","Initials":"T.H.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":388763,"AutID":559473,"OrderNr":4,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Maser","Firstname":"Edmund","Initials":"E.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":388763,"AutID":271700,"OrderNr":5,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Grassel","Firstname":"Philipp","Initials":"P.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":388763,"AutID":559474,"OrderNr":6,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Heuskin","Firstname":"David","Initials":"D.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":388763,"AutID":559475,"OrderNr":7,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Brandt","Firstname":"David","Initials":"D.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":388763,"AutID":559476,"OrderNr":8,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Berger","Firstname":"Marco","Initials":"M.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":388763,"AutID":559477,"OrderNr":9,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"van der Wulp","Firstname":"Simon","Initials":"S.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":388763,"AutID":559478,"OrderNr":10,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Skellhorn","Firstname":"Mathew","Initials":"M.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":388763,"AutID":559479,"OrderNr":11,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Hill","Firstname":"Polly","Initials":"P.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":388763,"AutID":559480,"OrderNr":12,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Van Haelst","Firstname":"Sven","Initials":"S.","Affiliation":"Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ)","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":388763,"AutID":352136,"OrderNr":13,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":"VLIZ","InsFSN":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","ORCID":"0000-0002-8330-3183","PersID":30830,"InsID":36},{"AutName":"De Rijcke","Firstname":"Maarten","Initials":"M.","Affiliation":"Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ)","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":388763,"AutID":340871,"OrderNr":14,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":"VLIZ","InsFSN":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","ORCID":"0000-0002-0899-8122","PersID":25439,"InsID":36},{"AutName":"Wichert","Firstname":"Uwe","Initials":"U.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":388763,"AutID":505748,"OrderNr":15,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":400420,"LibID":36,"BRefID":391016,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":1,"ShelfLocCode":"400420","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":"VLIZ Open Access","Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","DutchTerm":"Open access","URL":null,"ClassifID":53,"Classification":"Open access","ReqLink":null,"ClassifTypID":1,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":null,"InternalReq":0,"LoggedInReq":0,"Disclaimer":null,"DutchDisclaimer":null,"FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":36,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":1,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"A","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"Wiley","City":"Weinheim"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Chemical analysis","ThestID":1474,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Analysis > Chemical analysis"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Marine pollution","ThestID":5015,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Pollution > Water pollution > Marine pollution"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Shipwrecks","ThestID":52648,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTermPath":"Shipwrecks"}],"thestermsASFA":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Chemical analysis"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Marine pollution"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Shipwrecks"}],"taxtermsASFA":null,"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":[{"Collection":"OMA - Open Marien Archief","ShortName":"OMA"}],"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":{"222":{"SpName":"BMB - Belgische Mariene Bibliografie","SpColID":222,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"BMB","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"BMB"},"992":{"SpName":"FRIS (VLIZ) - Flanders Research Information Space","SpColID":992,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"FRIS","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"FRIS"},"221":{"SpName":"OMA - Open Marien Archief","SpColID":221,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"OMA","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":1,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"OMA"},"1064":{"SpName":"Peer reviewed VLIZ publications","SpColID":1064,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"PR VLIZ pubs","URLLocation":null,"LibID":null,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"PR VLIZ pubs"}},"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":388763,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"},{"BEntID":388763,"AbstractFlag":1,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":[{"URL":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prep.202300322","externalID":"10.1002/prep.202300322","URLTypeCode":"DOI","URLID":129038,"URLTypID":13,"URLType":"DOI","URLPrefix":"http://dx.doi.org/"}],"thesterms":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Chemical analysis","ThestID":1474,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Marine pollution","ThestID":5015,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Shipwrecks","ThestID":52648,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTypID":2,"ThesType":"CSA Technology Research Database Master Thesaurus"}],"taxterms":null,"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Chemical analysis","DutchTerm":"Chemische analyse","ThestID":1474,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Marine pollution","DutchTerm":"Mariene vervuiling","ThestID":5015,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Shipwrecks","DutchTerm":"Scheepswrakken","ThestID":52648,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTypID":2,"ThesType":"CSA Technology Research Database Master Thesaurus"}],"taxtermsFRIS":null,"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"Chisala, Chilekwa, C.","newSesDate":{"date":"2024-03-11 07:44:10.973000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Lyssens, Liesbeth, L.","updSesDate":{"date":"2025-09-18 16:39:36.403000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}
