{"refrec":{"BRefID":391463,"RR":"<b>Rakhshaninejad, M.; Zheng, L.; Nauwynck, H.J.</b> (2023). Shrimp (<i>Penaeus vannamei)</i> survive white spot syndrome virus infection by behavioral fever. <i>NPG Scientific Reports 13(1)</i>: 18034. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-45335-5\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-45335-5</a>","BEntID":389210,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>NPG Scientific Reports 13(1)</i>: 18034. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-45335-5\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-45335-5</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Rakhshaninejad, M.; Zheng, L.; Nauwynck, H.J.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Rakhshaninejad, M.; Zheng, L.; Nauwynck, H.J.","Englishabstract":"Both endotherms and ectotherms may raise their body temperature to limit pathogen infection. Endotherms do this by increasing their basal metabolism; this is called ‘fever’. Ectotherms do this by migrating to warmer places; this is called ‘behavioral fever’. White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is the most lethal pathogen of cultured shrimp. This study examined the existence of behavioral fever in WSSV-infected <i>Penaeus vannamei</i> shrimp. Shrimp weighing 15 ± 0.5&nbsp;g were inoculated intramuscularly with WSSV and kept in a four-compartment system (4-CS) with all the chambers at 27&nbsp;°C or with a thermal gradient (27–29–31–33&nbsp;°C). During the first 4&nbsp;days post-inoculation, 94% of the WSSV-inoculated shrimp died in the 4-CS with a fixed temperature (27&nbsp;°C), while only 28% died in the 4-CS with a temperature gradient. The inoculated animals clearly demonstrated a movement towards the warmer compartments, whereas this was not the case with the mock- and non-inoculated animals. With primary lymphoid organ cell cultures, it was demonstrated that the increase of temperature from 27–29&nbsp;°C to 31–33&nbsp;°C inhibits virus replication. It is concluded that behavioral fever is used by shrimp to elevate their temperature when infected with WSSV. Behavioral fever prevents WSSV infection and mortality.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Shrimp (<i>Penaeus vannamei)</i> survive white spot syndrome virus infection by behavioral fever","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-04-19 01:32:26.799980","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2023,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2024-03-26","DateCreate":"2024-03-26","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:001094273200016","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-023-45335-5"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":391463,"PubliDate":2023,"Pagination":"18034","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"13","Issue":"1","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":208093,"SerRR":"Scientific Reports (Nature Publishing Group). 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