{"refrec":{"BRefID":391747,"RR":"<b>Matsumoto, H.; Dickson, M.E.; Stephenson, W.J.; Thompson, C.F.; Young, A.P.</b> (2024). Modeling future cliff-front waves during sea level rise and implications for coastal cliff retreat rates. <i>NPG Scientific Reports 14(1)</i>: 7810. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-57923-0\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-57923-0</a>","BEntID":389494,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>NPG Scientific Reports 14(1)</i>: 7810. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-57923-0\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-57923-0</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Matsumoto, H.; Dickson, M.E.; Stephenson, W.J.; Thompson, C.F.; Young, A.P.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Matsumoto, H. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"It is often assumed that future coastal cliff retreat rates will accelerate as global sea level rises, but few studies have investigated how SLR (sea level rise) might change cliff-front wave dynamics. Using a new simple numerical model, this study simulates the number and type (breaking, broken, or unbroken) of cliff-front waves under future SLR scenarios. Previous research shows breaking waves deliver more energy to cliffs than broken waves, and unbroken waves generate minimal impact. Here, we investigated six cliff-platform profiles from three regions (USA, New Zealand, and UK) with varied tidal ranges and wave climates. Model inputs included 2013–2100 hindcast/forecast incident wave height and tidal water level, and three future SLR scenarios. Results show the number of both cliff-front breaking and broken waves generally increase for a high-elevation (relative to tide) cliff-platform junction. In contrast, breaking/broken wave occurrence decrease by 38–92% for a near-horizontal shore platform with a low-elevation cliff-platform junction under a high SRL scenario, leading to high (96–97%) unbroken wave occurrence. Overall, results suggest the response of cliff-front waves to future SLR is complex and depends on shore platform geometries and SLR scenarios, indicating that future cliff retreat rates may not homogeneously accelerate under SLR.<h3>&nbsp;</h3>","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Modeling future cliff-front waves during sea level rise and implications for coastal cliff retreat rates","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-15 01:33:57.650067","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2024,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2024-04-08","DateCreate":"2024-04-08","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":null,"VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-024-57923-0"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":391747,"PubliDate":2024,"Pagination":"7810","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"14","Issue":"1","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":208093,"SerRR":"Scientific Reports (Nature Publishing Group). 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