{"refrec":{"BRefID":392907,"RR":"<b>Tschitschko, B.; Esti, M.; Philippi, M.; Kidane, A.T.; Littmann, S.; Kitzinger, K.; Speth, D.R.; Liang, S.J.; Kraberg, A.; Tienken, D.; Marchant, H.K.; Kartal, B.; Milucka, J.; Mohr, W.; Kuypers, M.M.M.</b> (2024). Rhizobia–diatom symbiosis fixes missing nitrogen in the ocean. <i>Nature (Lond.) 630(8018)</i>: 899-904. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07495-w\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07495-w</a>","BEntID":390671,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Nature (Lond.) 630(8018)</i>: 899-904. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07495-w\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07495-w</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Tschitschko, B.; Esti, M.; Philippi, M.; Kidane, A.T.; Littmann, S.; Kitzinger, K.; Speth, D.R.; Liang, S.J.; Kraberg, A.; Tienken, D.; Marchant, H.K.; Kartal, B.; Milucka, J.; Mohr, W.; Kuypers, M.M.M.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Tschitschko, B. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Nitrogen (N<sub>2</sub>) fixation in oligotrophic surface waters is the main source of new nitrogen to the ocean<a href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-07495-w#ref-CR1\"><sup>1</sup></a> and has a key role in fuelling the biological carbon pump. Oceanic N<sub>2</sub> fixation has been attributed almost exclusively to cyanobacteria, even though genes encoding nitrogenase, the enzyme that fixes N<sub>2</sub> into ammonia, are widespread among marine bacteria and archaea. Little is known about these non-cyanobacterial N<sub>2</sub> fixers, and direct proof that they can fix nitrogen in the ocean has so far been lacking. Here we report the discovery of a non-cyanobacterial N<sub>2</sub>-fixing symbiont, ‘<i>Candidatus</i> Tectiglobus diatomicola’, which provides its diatom host with fixed nitrogen in return for photosynthetic carbon. The N<sub>2</sub>-fixing symbiont belongs to the order Rhizobiales and its association with a unicellular diatom expands the known hosts for this order beyond the well-known N<sub>2</sub>-fixing rhizobia–legume symbioses on land. Our results show that the rhizobia–diatom symbioses can contribute as much fixed nitrogen as can cyanobacterial N<sub>2</sub> fixers in the tropical North Atlantic, and that they might be responsible for N<sub>2</sub> fixation in the vast regions of the ocean in which cyanobacteria are too rare to account for the measured rates.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Rhizobia–diatom symbiosis fixes missing nitrogen in the ocean","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-04-25 01:33:47.258290","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2024,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2024-06-25","DateCreate":"2024-06-25","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":null,"VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1038/s41586-024-07495-w"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":392907,"PubliDate":2024,"Pagination":"899-904","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"630","Issue":"8018","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":43431,"SerRR":"Nature: International Weekly Journal of Science. 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