{"refrec":{"BRefID":393378,"RR":"<b>Reem, E.; Douek, J.; Rinkevich, B.</b> (2018). Ambiguities in the taxonomic assignment and species delineation of botryllid ascidians from the Israeli Mediterranean and other coastlines. <i>Mitochondrial DNA. Part A 29(7)</i>: 1073-1080. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2017.1404047\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2017.1404047</a>","BEntID":391164,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Mitochondrial DNA. Part A 29(7)</i>: 1073-1080. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2017.1404047\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2017.1404047</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Reem, E.; Douek, J.; Rinkevich, B.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Reem, E.; Douek, J.; Rinkevich, B.","Englishabstract":"Based on mt<i>COI</i> sequences comparisons, recent studies reassigned the ‘dwarf <i>Botrylloides leachii’</i> from the Levant as <i>Botrylloides nigrum.</i> Here we conducted a survey of the literature and of deposited mt<i>COI</i> sequences of botryllid ascidians, elucidating ambiguities in their taxonomy. We found that the species, dwarf morph of <i>Botrylloides leachii, Botrylloides nigrum, Botryllus aster</i> and <i>Botryllus arenaceus</i> are grouped together on a single molecular taxon. Then, results of three additional markers (18S, 28S, H3) contradicted literature suggestions, revealing minute distances between <i>Botrylloides leachii</i> and the ‘dwarf <i>Botrylloides leachii’</i>. Moreover, only <i>Botrylloides leachii</i> and the ‘dwarf <i>Botrylloides leachii’</i> develop giant ampullae as an allorecognition response. Our results raise the possibility that inadequate identification, together with faults in molecular assignment, including queries regarding the efficacy of the mt<i>COI</i> as the exclusive barcoding tool in botryllid ascidians, is the major culprits responsible for the emerged inconsistencies between the mt<i>COI</i> sequences and traditional taxonomy. Thus, we assign the Levantine dwarf form as <i>Botrylloides</i> aff. <i>leachii</i>.","AbstractOtherLang":"Allorecognition; Botryllid; ascidians; mtDNA; nuclear; DNA; species barcoding; taxonom","BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Ambiguities in the taxonomic assignment and species delineation of botryllid ascidians from the Israeli Mediterranean and other coastlines","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:01.897972","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Allorecognition; Botryllid ascidians; mtDNA; nuclear DNA; species barcoding","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2018,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2024-07-22","DateCreate":"2024-07-22","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":null,"VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1080/24701394.2017.1404047"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":393378,"PubliDate":2018,"Pagination":"1073-1080","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"29","Issue":"7","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":324012,"SerRR":"Mitochondrial DNA. Part A. Taylor & Francis Group: England.  ISSN 2470-1394; e-ISSN 2470-1408","StandardTitleSer":"Mitochondrial DNA. Part A","ISSN":"2470-1394","AbbrevSer":null,"StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":1073,"Pages":8,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Reem","Firstname":"Eitan","Initials":"E.","Affiliation":"Natl Inst Oceanog, Israel Oceanog & Limnol Res, IL-31080 Haifa, Israel.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":391164,"AutID":306078,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Douek","Firstname":"Jacob","Initials":"J.","Affiliation":"Natl Inst Oceanog Israel Oceanog & Limnol Res, POB 8030, IL-31080 Haifa, Israel.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":391164,"AutID":293050,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Rinkevich","Firstname":"Baruch","Initials":"B.","Affiliation":"Natl Inst Oceanog, Israel Oceanog & Limnol Res, IL-31080 Haifa, Israel.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":391164,"AutID":306079,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":407997,"LibID":36,"BRefID":393378,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":null,"ShelfLocCode":"407997","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":"Interne VLIZ documenten","Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","DutchTerm":"Non-open access","URL":null,"ClassifID":228,"Classification":"Non-open access","ReqLink":1,"ClassifTypID":3,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":1,"InternalReq":1,"LoggedInReq":1,"Disclaimer":"Disclaimer_VLIZ_Intern","DutchDisclaimer":"<p>Deze publicatie is enkel beschikbaar voor persoonlijk gebruik binnen de Innovocean site <br />en mag op geen enkele manier verder worden verspreid.</p>","FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":36,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":1,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"A","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"Taylor & Francis Group","City":"England"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Taxonomy","ThestID":8377,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Classification > Taxonomy"}],"thestermsASFA":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Taxonomy"}],"taxtermsASFA":[{"TaxTerm":"Botrylloides diegensis"},{"TaxTerm":"Botrylloides leachii"},{"TaxTerm":"Botrylloides nigrum"}],"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":null,"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":null,"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":391164,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"},{"BEntID":391164,"AbstractFlag":1,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":[{"URL":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2017.1404047","externalID":"10.1080/24701394.2017.1404047","URLTypeCode":"DOI","URLID":133325,"URLTypID":13,"URLType":"DOI","URLPrefix":"http://dx.doi.org/"}],"thesterms":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Taxonomy","ThestID":8377,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"}],"taxterms":[{"TaxTerm":"Botrylloides diegensis","AphiaID":252278,"TaxtID":35930},{"TaxTerm":"Botrylloides leachii","AphiaID":250081,"TaxtID":55797},{"TaxTerm":"Botrylloides nigrum","AphiaID":215857,"TaxtID":55796}],"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Taxonomy","DutchTerm":"Taxonomie","ThestID":8377,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"}],"taxtermsFRIS":[{"TaxTerm":"Botrylloides diegensis","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":252278,"TaxtID":35930},{"TaxTerm":"Botrylloides leachii","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":250081,"TaxtID":55797},{"TaxTerm":"Botrylloides nigrum","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":215857,"TaxtID":55796}],"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"Chisala, Chilekwa, C.","newSesDate":{"date":"2024-07-22 09:06:29.997000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Chisala, Chilekwa, C.","updSesDate":{"date":"2024-07-22 09:06:29.997000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}
