{"refrec":{"BRefID":393559,"RR":"<b>Gorbushin, A.; Ruparcic, M.; Anderluh, G.</b> (2024). Littoporins: Novel actinoporin-like proteins in caenogastropod genus Littorina. <i>Fish Shellfish Immunol. 151</i>: 109698. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109698\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109698</a>","BEntID":391347,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Fish Shellfish Immunol. 151</i>: 109698. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109698\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109698</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Gorbushin, A.; Ruparcic, M.; Anderluh, G.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Gorbushin, A.; Ruparcic, M.; Anderluh, G.","Englishabstract":"In the course of searching for genes controlling the immune system in caenogastropod mollusks, we characterized and phylogenetically placed five new actinoporin-like cytolysins expressed in periwinkles of the genus <i>Littorina</i>. These newly discovered proteins, named littoporins (LitP), contain a central cytolysin/lectin domain and exhibit a predicted protein fold that is almost identical to the three-dimensional structures of actinoporins. Two of these proteins, LitP-1 and LitP-2, were found to be upregulated in <i>L. littorea</i> kidney tissues and immune cells in response to natural and experimental infection with the trematode <i>Himasthla elongata</i>, suggesting their potential role as perforins in the systemic anti-trematode immune response. The primary sequence divergence of littoporins is hypothesized to be attributed to the taxonomic range of cell membranes they can recognize and permeabilize.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Littoporins: Novel actinoporin-like proteins in caenogastropod genus Littorina","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-07-25 01:58:01.717328","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2024,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2024-07-29","DateCreate":"2024-07-29","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":null,"VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109698"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":393559,"PubliDate":2024,"Pagination":"109698","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"151","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":45027,"SerRR":"Fish & Shellfish Immunology. 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