{"refrec":{"BRefID":395768,"RR":"<b>Smolders, S.; Kaptein, S.J.</b> (2024). Saliniteitsgradiënt in het Schelde-estuarium: deelrapport 2. Scenario analyse numerieke modellering. Versie 4.0. <i>WL Rapporten</i>, 19_081_2. Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium: Antwerpen. VII, 37 + 5 p. bijl. pp. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.48607/260\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.48607/260</a>","BEntID":393556,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":0,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". Versie 4.0. <i>WL Rapporten</i>, 19_081_2. Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium: Antwerpen.  VII, 37 + 5 p. bijl. pp. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.48607/260\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.48607/260</a>","DocTypID":13,"DocType":"Reports","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Smolders, S.; Kaptein, S.J.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Smolders, S.; Kaptein, S.J.","Englishabstract":null,"AbstractOtherLang":"Zoutindringing in het Schelde estuarium wordt in dit rapport bestudeerd door het vergelijken van&nbsp; verschillende scenario’s met een referentie simulatie. Als referentie werd een afgeslankte versie van het&nbsp; SCALDIS Schelde model genomen. Van dat model is aangetoond dat het in staat is de saliniteit en de variaties&nbsp; ervan in het estuarium goed te reproduceren. Via scenario’s wordt onderzocht wat het effect van&nbsp; zeespiegelstijging (0,5 en 1 m), verschillende debieten bovenafvoer en een andere bathymetrie (die van&nbsp; 1960) op de zoutindringing in vergelijking met de referentiesimulatie. Zoveel mogelijk modelparameters&nbsp; worden constant gehouden en enkel voor de te onderzoeken effecten worden parameters aangepast.&nbsp;<br>De scenario’s met een zeespiegelstijging van 0,5 en 1 m tonen aan dat het zout in vergelijking met de&nbsp; referentie situatie verder in het estuarium binnen dringt. Hierbij moet de kanttekening gemaakt worden dat&nbsp; deze oefening gemaakt werd op de huidige bathymetrie (SCALDIS model 2013). Zo kan een meegroeiende&nbsp; bathymetrie met de zeespiegel er mogelijks voor zorgen dat het getij niet noodzakelijk verder in het&nbsp; estuarium zal doordringen en dan zal ook de zoutgradiënt mogelijks minder opschuiven.<br>Verder blijkt dat bovenafvoer een zeer grote invloed heeft op zoutindringing. Er is een duidelijke relatie&nbsp; tussen het volume bovenafvoer en de lengte van zoutindringing. Echter, hoe verder afwaarts, des te ruimer&nbsp; het estuarium zal zijn, en des te meer volume zoetwater nodig is om het zout verder afwaarts te&nbsp; verplaatsen/uit te spoelen. Er is dus telkens veel meer zoetwater nodig om het zout nog verder afwaarts uit&nbsp; te spoelen.<br>Als laatste scenario werd de bathymetrie van 1960 in het model geïmplementeerd. Deze kent een geringere&nbsp; diepgang in het algemeen, vooral in de Zeeschelde. Op deze manier kan de invloed van diepgang ende&nbsp; daarmee gepaard gaande getijvolume, op zoutindringing bekeken worden. Het zout drong minder ver door&nbsp; in het estuarium in het model met de bathymetrie van 1960.<br>Tenslotte werd nog een korte oefening gemaakt door de jaren 1947 en 1949 ruw te simuleren door de&nbsp; randvoorwaarden (getij en bovenafvoer) naar deze jaren aan te passen in het model met de bathymetrie van&nbsp; 1960. Deze ruwe oefening toont aan dat de saliniteitswaarden te Antwerpen wel degelijk de hoge gemeten&nbsp; waarden benaderen die in die jaren opgemeten zijn. Enkele maanden met minimale of geen bovenafvoer&nbsp; zorgden voor de hoogst gemeten saliniteitswaarden te Antwerpen in de laatste honderd jaar en de&nbsp; modeloefening bevestigd dit in grootteorde.","BibLvlCode":"MS","StandardTitle":"Saliniteitsgradiënt in het Schelde-estuarium: deelrapport 2. 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