{"refrec":{"BRefID":39895,"RR":"<b>Groome, J.R.; Townley, M.A.; Watson III, W.H.</b> (1994). Excitatory actions of FMRFamide-related peptides (FaRPs) on the neurogenic <i>Limulus</i> heart. <i>Biol. Bull. 186(3)</i>: 309-318. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1542277\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1542277</a>","BEntID":39895,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Biol. Bull. 186(3)</i>: 309-318. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1542277\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1542277</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Groome, J.R.; Townley, M.A.; Watson III, W.H.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Groome, J.R.; Townley, M.A.; Watson III, W.H.","Englishabstract":"The actions of FMRFamide-related peptides (FaRPs) on the neurogenic heart of the horseshoe crab, <i>Limulus polyphemus</i>, were investigated. Excitatory chronotropic effects were produced by application of TNRNFLRFamide, SDRNFLRFamide, GYNRS-FLRFamide, or pQDPFLRFamide to the intact heart preparation. Effects were dose-dependent with a threshold of 10(-9) M or less. TNRNFLRFamide and SDRNFLRFamide increased the burst rate of the isolated <i>Limulus</i> cardiac ganglion. Synthetic FaRPs produced inotropic excitation of the heartbeat as well. GYNRSFLRFamide, TNRNFLRFamide, SDRNFLRFamide, and pQDPFLRFamide increased heart contraction strength at a threshold dose of approximately 10(-8) M. TNRNFLRFamide and SDRNFLRFamide enhanced electrically evoked contractions of the <i>Limulus</i> myocardium, elicited contracture in some preparations, and increased the excitability of cardiac muscle fibers. The presence of cardioactive FaRPs in the <i>Limulus</i> central nervous system was suggested by reverse phase HPLC of acidified methanol extracts of <i>Limulus</i> nervous tissue. Four peaks of FaRP-like bioactivity were detected with the Busycon radula protractor muscle bioassay. These peaks also contained FaRP-like immunoreactivity. Two of these partially purified peaks produced excitatory chronotropic effects on the intact <i>Limulus</i> heart preparation similar to those produced by synthetic FaRPs.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Excitatory actions of FMRFamide-related peptides (FaRPs) on the neurogenic <i>Limulus</i> heart","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-04-28 01:31:08.614104","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":1994,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2003-09-23","DateCreate":"2003-09-23","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:A1994NT26200008","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.2307/1542277"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":39895,"PubliDate":1994,"Pagination":"309-318","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"186","Issue":"3","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":42437,"SerRR":"The Biological Bulletin. Marine Biological Laboratory: Lancaster.  ISSN 0006-3185; e-ISSN 1939-8697","StandardTitleSer":"The Biological Bulletin","ISSN":"0006-3185","AbbrevSer":"Biol. 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