{"refrec":{"BRefID":40385,"RR":"<b>Chombard, C.; Boury-Esnault, N.; Tillier, A.; Vacelet, J.</b> (1997). Polyphyly of \"sclerosponges\" (Porifera, Demospongiae) supported by 28S ribosomal sequences. <i>Biol. Bull. 193(3)</i>: 359-367. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1542938\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1542938</a>","BEntID":40385,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Biol. Bull. 193(3)</i>: 359-367. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1542938\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1542938</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Chombard, C.; Boury-Esnault, N.; Tillier, A.; Vacelet, J.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Chombard, C. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"To test the competing hypotheses of polyphyly and monophyly of \"sclerosponges,\" sequences from the 5' end of 28S ribosomal RNA were obtained for <i>Astrosclera willeyana, Acanthochaetetes wellsi</i>, and six other demosponge species. Phylogenetic relationships deduced from parsimony and neighbor-joining analyses suggest that these sclerosponges belong to two different orders of Demospongiae: <i>Astrosclera willeyana</i>, being closely related to the Agelasidae, belongs to the Agelasida, <i>Acanthochaetetes wellsi</i>, being closely related to the Spirastrellidae, belongs to the Hadromerida. These results contradict the hypothesis that sclerosponges are monophyletic and imply that a massive calcareous skeleton has evolved independently in several lineages of sponges.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Polyphyly of \"sclerosponges\" (Porifera, Demospongiae) supported by 28S ribosomal sequences","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-04-20 01:31:36.400416","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":1997,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2003-09-26","DateCreate":"2003-09-26","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000071502000007","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.2307/1542938"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":40385,"PubliDate":1997,"Pagination":"359-367","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"193","Issue":"3","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":42437,"SerRR":"The Biological Bulletin. 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