{"refrec":{"BRefID":40401,"RR":"<b>Painter, S.D.; Clough, B.; Garden, R.W.; Sweedler, J.V.; Nagle, G.T.</b> (1998). Characterization of <i>Aplysia attractin</i>, the first water-borne peptide pheromone in invertebrates. <i>Biol. Bull. 194(2)</i>: 120-131. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1543042\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1543042</a>","BEntID":40401,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Biol. Bull. 194(2)</i>: 120-131. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1543042\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1543042</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Painter, S.D.; Clough, B.; Garden, R.W.; Sweedler, J.V.; Nagle, G.T.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Painter, S.D. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Although animals in the genus Aplysia are solitary during most of the year, they form breeding aggregations during the reproductive season. The aggregations contain both mating and egg-laying animals and are associated with masses of egg cordons. The egg cordons are a source of pheromones that establish and maintain the aggregation, but none of the pheromonal factors have been chemically characterized. In these studies, specimens of <i>Aplysia</i> were induced to lay eggs, the egg cordons collected and eluted, and the eluates fractionated by C18 reversed-phase HPLC. Four peak fractions were bioassayed in a T-maze. All four increased the number of animals attracted to a nonlaying conspecific and were thus subjected to compositional and microsequence analysis. Each contained the same NH2-terminal peptide sequence. The full-length peptide (\"attractin\") was isolated from the albumen gland, a large exocrine organ that packages the eggs into a cordon. The complete 58-residue sequence was obtained, and it matched that predicted by an albumen gland cDNA. Mass spectrometry showed that attractin is 21 wt.% carbohydrate as the result of N-linked glycosylation. T-maze bioassays confirmed that the full-length peptide is attractive. Attractin is the first water-borne peptide pheromone characterized in molluscs, and the first in invertebrates.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Characterization of <i>Aplysia attractin</i>, the first water-borne peptide pheromone in invertebrates","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-05-11 01:31:22.743910","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":1998,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2003-09-26","DateCreate":"2003-09-26","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000073859600005","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.2307/1543042"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":40401,"PubliDate":1998,"Pagination":"120-131","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"194","Issue":"2","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":42437,"SerRR":"The Biological Bulletin. 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