{"refrec":{"BRefID":409141,"RR":"<b>Virkkala, A.-M; Rogers, B. M.; Watts, J. D.; Arndt, K. A.; Potter, S.; Wargowsky, I.; Schuur, E. A. G.; See, C. R.; Mauritz, M.; Boike, J.; Bret-Harte, M. S.; Burke, E. J.; Burrell, A.; Chae, N.; Chatterjee, A.; Chevallier, F.; Christensen, T. R.; Commane, R.; Dolman, H.; Edgar, C. W.; Elberling, B.; Emmerton, C. A.; Euskirchen, E. S.; Feng, L.; Göckede, M.; Grelle, A.; Helbig, M.; Holl, D.; Järveoja, J.; Karsanaev, S. V.; Kobayashi, H.; Kutzbach, L.; Liu, J.; Luijkx, I. T.; López-Blanco, E.; Lunneberg, K.; Mammarella, I.; Marushchak, M. E.; Mastepanov, M.; Matsuura, Y.; Maximov, T. C.; Merbold, L.; Meyer, G.; Nilsson, M. B.; Niwa, Y.; Oechel, W.; Palmer, P. I.; Park, S.-J.; Parmentier, F.-J. W.; Peichl, M.; Peters, W.; Petrov, R.; Quinton, W.; Rödenbeck, C.; Sachs, T.; Schulze, C.; Sonnentag, O.; St. Louis, V. L.; Tuittila, E.-S.; Ueyama, M.; Varlagin, A.; Zona, D.; Natali, S. M.</b> (2025). Wildfires offset the increasing but spatially heterogeneous Arctic–boreal CO2 uptake. <i>Nat. Clim. Chang. 15(2)</i>: 188-195. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41558-024-02234-5\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41558-024-02234-5</a>","BEntID":406946,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Nat. Clim. Chang. 15(2)</i>: 188-195. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41558-024-02234-5\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41558-024-02234-5</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Virkkala, A.-M; Rogers, B. M.; Watts, J. D.; Arndt, K. A.; Potter, S.; Wargowsky, I.; Schuur, E. A. G.; See, C. R.; Mauritz, M.; Boike, J.; Bret-Harte, M. S.; Burke, E. J.; Burrell, A.; Chae, N.; Chatterjee, A.; Chevallier, F.; Christensen, T. R.; Commane, R.; Dolman, H.; Edgar, C. W.; Elberling, B.; Emmerton, C. A.; Euskirchen, E. S.; Feng, L.; Göckede, M.; Grelle, A.; Helbig, M.; Holl, D.; Järveoja, J.; Karsanaev, S. V.; Kobayashi, H.; Kutzbach, L.; Liu, J.; Luijkx, I. T.; López-Blanco, E.; Lunneberg, K.; Mammarella, I.; Marushchak, M. E.; Mastepanov, M.; Matsuura, Y.; Maximov, T. C.; Merbold, L.; Meyer, G.; Nilsson, M. B.; Niwa, Y.; Oechel, W.; Palmer, P. I.; Park, S.-J.; Parmentier, F.-J. W.; Peichl, M.; Peters, W.; Petrov, R.; Quinton, W.; Rödenbeck, C.; Sachs, T.; Schulze, C.; Sonnentag, O.; St. Louis, V. L.; Tuittila, E.-S.; Ueyama, M.; Varlagin, A.; Zona, D.; Natali, S. M.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Virkkala, A.-M <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"<span style=\"background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(34,34,34);\">The Arctic–Boreal Zone is rapidly warming, impacting its large soil carbon stocks. Here we use a new compilation of terrestrial ecosystem CO</span><sub>2</sub><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(34,34,34);\"> fluxes, geospatial datasets and random forest models to show that although the Arctic–Boreal Zone was overall an increasing terrestrial CO</span><sub>2</sub><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(34,34,34);\"> sink from 2001 to 2020 (mean ± standard deviation in net ecosystem exchange, −548 ± 140 Tg C yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(34,34,34);\">; trend, −14 Tg C yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(34,34,34);\">; </span><i>P</i><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(34,34,34);\"> &lt; 0.001), more than 30% of the region was a net CO</span><sub>2</sub><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(34,34,34);\"> source. Tundra regions may have already started to function on average as CO</span><sub>2</sub><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(34,34,34);\"> sources, demonstrating a shift in carbon dynamics. When fire emissions are factored in, the increasing Arctic–Boreal Zone sink is no longer statistically significant (budget, −319 ± 140 Tg C yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(34,34,34);\">; trend, −9 Tg C yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(34,34,34);\">), and the permafrost region becomes CO</span><sub>2</sub><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(34,34,34);\"> neutral (budget, −24 ± 123 Tg C yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(34,34,34);\">; trend, −3 Tg C yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(34,34,34);\">), underscoring the importance of fire in this region.</span>","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Wildfires offset the increasing but spatially heterogeneous Arctic–boreal CO2 uptake","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-10 01:33:01.043224","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Biogeochemistry; Cryospheric science; Ecosystem ecology","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2025,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2025-06-27","DateCreate":"2025-06-27","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":null,"VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1038/s41558-024-02234-5"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":409141,"PubliDate":2025,"Pagination":"188-195","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"15","Issue":"2","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":218223,"SerRR":"Nature Climate Change. Nature Publishing Group: London.  ISSN 1758-678X; e-ISSN 1758-6798","StandardTitleSer":"Nature Climate Change","ISSN":"1758-678X","AbbrevSer":"Nat. Clim. 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