{"refrec":{"BRefID":409685,"RR":"<b>Pan, G.; Zhuang, W.; Gu, W.; Gu, Z.</b> (2025). Economics of shaping offshore wind power generation via energy storage in China. <i>Energy (Oxf.) 322</i>: 135741. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2025.135741\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2025.135741</a>","BEntID":407490,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Energy (Oxf.) 322</i>: 135741. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2025.135741\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2025.135741</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Pan, G.; Zhuang, W.; Gu, W.; Gu, Z.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Pan, G. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"The precise status and scale of offshore wind as a critical component of China's new-type power system is unclear. Existing studies on the economics and potential of offshore wind power lacked the inter-annual variability of wind resources. Here, we established a levelized cost of shaped energy (LCOSE) optimization model to assess the economics of shaping offshore wind power via energy storage into desired output profiles in China. The results show that the LCOSE of intermittent offshore wind power increases sharply via storage shaping into desired output profiles. Under a power and energy capacity cost of 1000 $/kW and 20 $/kWh, the LCOSE range of screened more than 300 locations in China is 0.18–0.67 $/kWh, with a 1 to 4-fold growth compared with the wind power alone scenario, especially having a significant impact on the development of low-cost wind power. Compared with power capacity cost, energy capacity cost is the decisive factor affecting LCOSE. Provincial energy storage integration (grid-based spatial transfer) and appropriate unmet load (10&nbsp;%) become essential means to achieve competitive development of offshore wind power.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Economics of shaping offshore wind power generation via energy storage in China","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-12 01:32:30.205276","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2025,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2025-07-07","DateCreate":"2025-07-07","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":null,"VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1016/j.energy.2025.135741"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":409685,"PubliDate":2025,"Pagination":"135741","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"322","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":42823,"SerRR":"Energy (Oxford). Pergamon Press: Oxford; New York.  ISSN 0360-5442; e-ISSN 1873-6785","StandardTitleSer":"Energy (Oxford)","ISSN":"0360-5442","AbbrevSer":"Energy (Oxf.)","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":null,"Pages":null,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Pan","Firstname":"Guangsheng","Initials":"G.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":407490,"AutID":592676,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Zhuang","Firstname":"Wennan","Initials":"W.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":407490,"AutID":592677,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Gu","Firstname":"Wei","Initials":"W.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":407490,"AutID":592678,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Gu","Firstname":"Zhongfan","Initials":"Z.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":407490,"AutID":592679,"OrderNr":4,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":414706,"LibID":36,"BRefID":409685,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":null,"ShelfLocCode":"414706","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":"Interne VLIZ documenten","Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","DutchTerm":"Non-open access","URL":null,"ClassifID":228,"Classification":"Non-open access","ReqLink":1,"ClassifTypID":3,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":1,"InternalReq":1,"LoggedInReq":1,"Disclaimer":"Disclaimer_VLIZ_Intern","DutchDisclaimer":"<p>Deze publicatie is enkel beschikbaar voor persoonlijk gebruik binnen de Innovocean site <br />en mag op geen enkele manier verder worden verspreid.</p>","FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":36,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":null,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"A","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"Pergamon Press","City":"Oxford; New York"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":null,"thestermsASFA":null,"taxtermsASFA":null,"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":[{"Collection":"VLIZ Acknowledged Publications","ShortName":"VLIZ ackn"}],"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":{"941":{"SpName":"LifeWatch Species Information Backbone","SpColID":941,"ParSpColID":39,"TopParID":39,"ShortName":"LifeWatch Species Information Backbone","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":39,"SpColPath":"VLIZ ackn/LifeWatch Species Information Backbone"},"793":{"SpName":"Marine Regions acknowledged","SpColID":793,"ParSpColID":941,"TopParID":39,"ShortName":"Marine Regions ackn","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":39,"SpColPath":"VLIZ ackn/LifeWatch Species Information Backbone/Marine Regions ackn"},"39":{"SpName":"VLIZ Acknowledged Publications","SpColID":39,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"VLIZ ackn","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"VLIZ ackn"}},"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":407490,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"},{"BEntID":407490,"AbstractFlag":1,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":[{"URL":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2025.135741","externalID":"10.1016/j.energy.2025.135741","URLTypeCode":"DOI","URLID":147829,"URLTypID":13,"URLType":"DOI","URLPrefix":"http://dx.doi.org/"}],"thesterms":null,"taxterms":null,"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":null,"taxtermsFRIS":null,"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"Deckmyn, Anna, A.","newSesDate":{"date":"2025-07-07 08:28:22.157000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Deckmyn, Anna, A.","updSesDate":{"date":"2025-07-07 08:28:22.157000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}