{"refrec":{"BRefID":410400,"RR":"<b>Chytrácek, M.; Golec Mírová, Z.; Golec, M.; Bíšková, J.; Hladil, J.; Tiefengraber, G.; Almássy, K.; Doubek, F.; Fojtík, P.; Grömer, K.</b> (2025). Corals and shells of the sea mollusc as an example of long-distance contacts in the Early Iron Age in Central Europe. <i>Praehistorische Zeitschrift Online first</i>. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pz-2025-2001\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pz-2025-2001</a>","BEntID":408209,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Praehistorische Zeitschrift Online first</i>. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pz-2025-2001\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pz-2025-2001</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Chytrácek, M.; Golec Mírová, Z.; Golec, M.; Bíšková, J.; Hladil, J.; Tiefengraber, G.; Almássy, K.; Doubek, F.; Fojtík, P.; Grömer, K.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Chytrácek, M. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"New discoveries of worked pieces of red coral <i>Corallium rubrum</i> and shells of sea molluscs from Bohemia and Moravia of the Early Iron Age gave rise to the creation of an article that follows these finds in the territory of the Czech Republic, Bavaria and Austria and summarizes the current state of research on these remarkable imports from the 8<sup>th</sup> to the beginning 4<sup>th</sup> century BC. Red sea coral and see mollusk shells were imported, processed and used in the area north of the Alps. The authors organize the findings clearly according to the rules of natural science, trace their marine sources and discuss the long-distance trade routes along which they were traded from the Mediterranean and Red Seas to Central Europe. See corals and shells of the family <i>Cypraeidae</i> are the most distant import in this area, and have not received sufficient attention in the past. The study records the finding contexts of the mentioned imports, points out the symbolic meaning of their use, the social background and the method of storage, which in many cases betrays the elites. Following the discoveries of see corals and mollusk shells, the article traces long-distance contacts in the Early Iron Age and suggests likely transport routes for these exotic goods to Central Europe.","AbstractOtherLang":"De nouvelles découvertes de morceaux travaillés de corail rouge <i>Corallium rubrum</i> et de coquilles de mollusques marins de Bohême et de Moravie du premier âge du fer ont donné lieu à un article qui suit ces trouvé<strong>s</strong> sur le territoire de la République tchèque, de la Bavière et de l’Autriche et résume l’état actuel de recherches sur ces importations remarquables du VIII<sup>e</sup> au début du IV<sup>e</sup> siècle avant JC. Les pièce<strong>s</strong> de corail et de mollusques marins étaient importées, transformées et utilisées dans la région située au nord des Alpes. Les auteurs organisent clairement les trouvés selon les règles des sciences naturelles, recherchent leurs sources marines et discutent des routes commerciales à longue distance le long desquelles elles étaient échangées depuis la Méditerranée et la mer Rouge jusqu’à l’Europe centrale. Les coraux marins et les coquilles bivalves de la famille des <i>Cypraeidae</i> sont les importations les plus lointaines dans cette zone et n’ont pas reçu suffisamment d’attention dans le passé. L’étude enregistre les contextes de découverte des importations mentionnées, souligne la signification symbolique de leur utilisation, l’origine sociale et la méthode de stockage, qui dans de nombreux cas révèle les élites. Suite aux découvertes de coraux marins et de coquilles de mollusques, l’article retrace les contacts à longue distance au début de l’âge du fer et suggère des itinéraires de transport probables de ces marchandises exotiques vers l’Europe centrale.","BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Corals and shells of the sea mollusc as an example of long-distance contacts in the Early Iron Age in Central Europe","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2025-08-08 01:33:19.193757","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2025,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2025-08-01","DateCreate":"2025-08-01","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":null,"VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1515/pz-2025-2001"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":410400,"PubliDate":2025,"Pagination":null,"XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"Online first","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":376828,"SerRR":"Praehistorische Zeitschrift. 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