{"refrec":{"BRefID":436517,"RR":"<b>Das, D.K.; Vansteelant, W.M.G.; Zhu, B.; Islam, S.; Khandakar, N.; van der Velde, M.; Hassell, C.J.; Conklin, J.R.; Bocher, P.; Hooijmeijer, C.E.W.; Verkuil, Y.; Piersma, T.</b> (2025). Three subspecies of Black-tailed Godwit share non-breeding sites in the world's largest river delta. <i>Avian Research 16(1)</i>: 100226. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.avrs.2025.100226\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.avrs.2025.100226</a>","BEntID":434347,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Avian Research 16(1)</i>: 100226. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.avrs.2025.100226\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.avrs.2025.100226</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Das, D.K.; Vansteelant, W.M.G.; Zhu, B.; Islam, S.; Khandakar, N.; van der Velde, M.; Hassell, C.J.; Conklin, J.R.; Bocher, P.; Hooijmeijer, C.E.W.; Verkuil, Y.; Piersma, T.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Das, D.K. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"<span style=\"color:rgb(31,31,31);\">During the non-breeding season (September–April), Black-tailed Godwits (<i>Limosa </i></span><a href=\"https://www-sciencedirect-com.proxy-ub.rug.nl/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/limosa\"><span style=\"color:rgb(31,31,31);\"><i>limosa</i></span></a><span style=\"color:rgb(31,31,31);\">) are commonly seen in coastal and inland wetlands of the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna Delta in Bangladesh. We hypothesize that the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna Delta, at the overlap between the Central Asian and East Asian–Australasian </span><a href=\"https://www-sciencedirect-com.proxy-ub.rug.nl/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/flyway\"><span style=\"color:rgb(31,31,31);\">flyways</span></a><span style=\"color:rgb(31,31,31);\">, may host three subspecies that breed in disjunct areas of temperate and northern Asia: </span><i>L. l. limosa</i><span style=\"color:rgb(31,31,31);\">, </span><i>L. l. melanuroides</i><span style=\"color:rgb(31,31,31);\">, and </span><i>L. l. bohaii</i><span style=\"color:rgb(31,31,31);\">. We used mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotype network and </span><a href=\"https://www-sciencedirect-com.proxy-ub.rug.nl/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/biometry\"><span style=\"color:rgb(31,31,31);\">biometric</span></a><span style=\"color:rgb(31,31,31);\"> analysis to determine subspecies in captured individuals, and deployed GPS–GSM transmitters to verify breeding areas of individuals with subspecies assignments. To test for differential habitat preferences, we sampled birds at two ecologically distinct habitats known to host the largest concentrations of non-breeding Black-tailed Godwits in Bangladesh: Nijhum Dweep National Park, a tidal coastal habitat with brackish water on the south-central coast, and Tanguar Haor (‘backmarsh’), a seasonal freshwater </span><a href=\"https://www-sciencedirect-com.proxy-ub.rug.nl/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/floodplains\"><span style=\"color:rgb(31,31,31);\">floodplain</span></a><span style=\"color:rgb(31,31,31);\"> in the north. During the non-breeding seasons of 2021–2022 and 2022–2023, we sampled and measured 93 Black-tailed Godwits, 54 of which were equipped with GPS–GSM transmitters. Our mtDNA haplotype network analysis confirmed the presence of </span><i>limosa</i><span style=\"color:rgb(31,31,31);\">, </span><i>melanuroides</i><span style=\"color:rgb(31,31,31);\">, and </span><i>bohaii</i><span style=\"color:rgb(31,31,31);\"> subspecies at the study sites. Thus, indeed, Black-tailed Godwits subspecies, despite having distinct breeding ranges, exhibit (partially) overlapping non-breeding ranges in Asia. The subspecies composition differed significantly between sites, with </span><i>limosa</i><span style=\"color:rgb(31,31,31);\"> and </span><i>bohaii</i><span style=\"color:rgb(31,31,31);\"> dominating in Tanguar Haor and </span><i>melanuroides</i><span style=\"color:rgb(31,31,31);\"> in Nijhum Dweep. Of the 21 individuals that were tracked to their </span><a href=\"https://www-sciencedirect-com.proxy-ub.rug.nl/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/breeding-site\"><span style=\"color:rgb(31,31,31);\">breeding grounds</span></a><span style=\"color:rgb(31,31,31);\">, 18 migrated to the expected breeding range of their respective subspecies. However, one bird with a </span><i>limosa</i><span style=\"color:rgb(31,31,31);\"> haplotype migrated to a known breeding area of </span><i>bohaii</i><span style=\"color:rgb(31,31,31);\">, whereas two birds with </span><i>melanuroides</i><span style=\"color:rgb(31,31,31);\"> haplotypes migrated to the supposed breeding range of </span><i>limosa</i><span style=\"color:rgb(31,31,31);\">. Therefore, while ecological factors at both ends of the flyways may shape the morphological and behavioural differences between Black-tailed Godwit subspecies, their delineations and possible gene flow require further studies.</span>","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Three subspecies of Black-tailed Godwit share non-breeding sites in the world's largest river delta","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2025-12-19 01:34:18.079016","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"<p style=\"margin-left:0px;\">Black-tailed godwits; Central Asian flyway; Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna Delta; GPS–GSM tracking; Migration; mtDNA; Subspecies","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2025,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2025-12-12","DateCreate":"2025-12-12","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":null,"VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1016/j.avrs.2025.100226"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":436517,"PubliDate":2025,"Pagination":"100226","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"16","Issue":"1","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":264270,"SerRR":"Avian Research. BIOMED CENTRAL LTD: London.  ISSN 2055-6187; e-ISSN 2053-7166","StandardTitleSer":"Avian Research","ISSN":"2055-6187","AbbrevSer":null,"StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":null,"Pages":null,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Das","Firstname":"Delip","Initials":"D.K.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":434347,"AutID":482479,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Vansteelant","Firstname":"Wouter M.G.","Initials":"W.M.G.","Affiliation":"BirdEyes, Centre for Global Ecological Change at the Faculties of Science & Engineering and Campus Fryslân, University of Groningen, Zaailand 110, 8911 BN Leeuwarden, The Netherlands","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":434347,"AutID":579607,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Zhu","Firstname":"Bingrun","Initials":"B.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":434347,"AutID":354996,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":"COS","InsFSN":"Koninklijk Nederlands Instituut voor Onderzoek der Zee; Coastal Sciences","ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":13656},{"AutName":"Islam","Firstname":"Shariful","Initials":"S.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":434347,"AutID":612083,"OrderNr":4,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Khandakar","Firstname":"Naim","Initials":"N.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":434347,"AutID":482480,"OrderNr":5,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"van der Velde","Firstname":"Marco","Initials":"M.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":434347,"AutID":272754,"OrderNr":6,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Hassell","Firstname":"Chris","Initials":"C.J.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":434347,"AutID":206476,"OrderNr":7,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Conklin","Firstname":"Jesse","Initials":"J.R.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":434347,"AutID":200149,"OrderNr":8,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Bocher","Firstname":"Pierrick","Initials":"P.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":434347,"AutID":38491,"OrderNr":9,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Hooijmeijer","Firstname":"Jos","Initials":"C.E.W.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":434347,"AutID":198162,"OrderNr":10,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Verkuil","Firstname":"Yvonne","Initials":"Y.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":434347,"AutID":332442,"OrderNr":11,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":"COS","InsFSN":"Koninklijk Nederlands Instituut voor Onderzoek der Zee; Coastal Sciences","ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":13656},{"AutName":"Piersma","Firstname":"Theunis","Initials":"T.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":434347,"AutID":214587,"OrderNr":12,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":"COS","InsFSN":"Koninklijk Nederlands Instituut voor Onderzoek der Zee; Coastal Sciences","ORCID":"0000-0001-9668-466","PersID":29897,"InsID":13656}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":434347,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":418323,"LibID":2779,"BRefID":436517,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":1,"ShelfLocCode":"418323","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":null,"Acronym":null,"Library":"NIOZ","DutchTerm":null,"URL":null,"ClassifID":260,"Classification":"NIOZ Open Repository","ReqLink":null,"ClassifTypID":1,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":1,"InternalReq":null,"LoggedInReq":null,"Disclaimer":"Disclaimer_NIOZ","DutchDisclaimer":null,"FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":397,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":null,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"NIOZ","Notes":null,"AccConID":26,"AccessConstraint":"Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives (CC BY-NC-ND)","LicURL":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":805,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"BIOMED CENTRAL LTD","City":"London"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":null,"thestermsASFA":null,"taxtermsASFA":null,"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":null,"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":{"805":{"SpName":"Koninklijk Nederlands Instituut voor Onderzoek der Zee","SpColID":805,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"NIOZ","URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imis/nioz/imis.php?refid=","LibID":2779,"OpenRepoFlag":1,"SpTypID":1,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"NIOZ"}},"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":434347,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"},{"BEntID":434347,"AbstractFlag":1,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":[{"URL":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.avrs.2025.100226","externalID":"10.1016/j.avrs.2025.100226","URLTypeCode":"DOI","URLID":154690,"URLTypID":13,"URLType":"DOI","URLPrefix":"http://dx.doi.org/"}],"thesterms":null,"taxterms":null,"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":null,"taxtermsFRIS":null,"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"daan.van.loon@nioz.nl","newSesDate":{"date":"2025-12-12 11:38:59.260000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"daan.van.loon@nioz.nl","updSesDate":{"date":"2025-12-12 11:38:59.260000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}