{"refrec":{"BRefID":437122,"RR":"<b>Schramkowski, G.; Brouwer, R.L.</b> (2025). Geïdealiseerde processtudie van systeemovergangen naar hypertroebelheid: WP 4.1 Hindered setting. Versie 4.0. <i>WL Rapporten</i>, 13_103_11. Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium: Antwerpen. IX, 33 pp.","BEntID":434952,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":0,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". Versie 4.0. <i>WL Rapporten</i>, 13_103_11. Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium: Antwerpen.  IX, 33 pp. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.48607/371\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.48607/371</a>","DocTypID":13,"DocType":"Reports","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Schramkowski, G.; Brouwer, R.L.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Schramkowski, G.; Brouwer, R.L.","Englishabstract":null,"AbstractOtherLang":"In dit rapport is de invloed van hindered settling (waarbij de valsnelheid afneemt naarmate de sedimentconcentratie toeneemt) op het optreden van hoge concentraties onderzocht. Zonder hindered settling schaalt de sedimentconcentratie in een kolommodel lineair met de schuifspanning. Met hindered settling is er bij voldoende lage schuifspanning een tweede, hypertroebele oplossing mogelijk met sedimentconcentraties van enkele g/l of hoger. Dit proces is op vereenvoudigde wijze meegenomen in het geïdealiseerde breedtegemiddelde sedimentmodel, waarbij enkel de rol van de getij -en dieptegemiddelde concentratie op de valsnelheid wordt verdisconteerd. Ook werkt hindered settling in het model enkel door op de restconcentratie.&nbsp;<br>Simulaties van de Schelde laten zien dat hypertroebelheid kan voorkomen als de afvoer voldoende laag is en tegelijk de dimensieloze erosieparameter M voldoende hoog is. Deze parameter bepaalt de maximale lokale erosieflux die bij gegeven hydraulische condities kan optreden. Op basis van simulaties van het droge jaar 2009 wordt gevonden dat hypertroebele concentraties optreden als M &gt;~4.4 x 10<sup>-4</sup>. Dit gebeurt dan echter enkel&nbsp;&nbsp; gedurende droge periodes: zodra de afvoer hoger wordt nemen de sedimentconcentraties weer sterk af. Er is dus in het model geen sprake van omslaggedrag waarbij het systeem in een permanente stabiele hypertroebele toestand komt. De waarde van&nbsp; voor de huidige Schelde wordt geschat op M ~~3.8 x 10<sup>-5</sup> en is dus een orde van grootte lager dan dat vereist is voor hypertroebele condities. Deze conclusies dienen als indicatief te worden beschouwd. In het onderhavige model is hindered settling immers op vereenvoudigde wijze beschreven. Bovendien is de terugkoppeling van hoge concentraties op de waterbeweging (bv. demping van vertikale viscositeit) niet meegenomen. De robuustheid van bovenstaande uitspraken dient derhalve binnen de context van een vollediger model nader te worden onderzocht.&nbsp;","BibLvlCode":"MS","StandardTitle":"Geïdealiseerde processtudie van systeemovergangen naar hypertroebelheid: WP 4.1 Hindered setting","OrigTitleLangCode":"nl","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"dut","OrigTitleLangID":41,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-04-21 01:43:10.835353","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":null,"MonPub":2025,"DateUpdate":"2026-01-26","DateCreate":"2026-01-13","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":0,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":null,"VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0},"refs":null,"anarec":null,"monrec":{"MonID":437122,"ISBN":null,"PubliDate":2025,"IssueDate":null,"Volume":"13_103_11","Issue":null,"Pagination":"IX, 33","Place":"Antwerpen","Edition":"Versie 4.0","BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerID":24938,"SerRR":"WL Rapporten. Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium: Antwerpen. ","Ser2BRefID":null,"Ser2RR":null,"StandardTitleSer":"WL Rapporten","ISSN":null,"AbbrevSer":null,"Degree":null,"ThesisID":null,"InsID":null,"Acronym":null,"FullStandardName":null,"ToPubliDate":null,"SerNotes":null,"eISBN":null,"Pages":33},"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":[{"Surname":null,"Firstname":null,"Initials":null,"PerPublicFlag":null,"InsPublicFlag":1,"Acronym":"VNSC","OrigNameLangCode":"en","OrigNameLangID":15,"FullOrigName":"Flemish-Dutch Scheldt Commission","InsOwnerCNT":1,"PersID":null,"InsID":9808,"PersLink":1,"InsLink":1,"FullInstitute":"Vlaams-Nederlandse Scheldecommissie","RoleID":32,"Role":"Proposer","OrigName":"Flemish-Dutch Scheldt Commission","StandardName":"Vlaams-Nederlandse Scheldecommissie","FullAcronym":"VNSC"}],"authors":[{"AutName":"Schramkowski","Firstname":"George","Initials":"G.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":434952,"AutID":381017,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":"0000-0002-2120-1085","PersID":11378,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Brouwer","Firstname":null,"Initials":"R.L.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":434952,"AutID":83444,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":434952,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":419053,"LibID":2706,"BRefID":437122,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":1,"ShelfLocCode":"419053","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":"Open Archive Documents","Acronym":"WL","Library":"Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium","DutchTerm":"Open Archief","URL":null,"ClassifID":223,"Classification":"Open Repository","ReqLink":null,"ClassifTypID":2,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":1,"InternalReq":0,"LoggedInReq":0,"Disclaimer":"Disclaimer_OWA","DutchDisclaimer":null,"FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":116,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":null,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null}],"litstyles":[{"LitStyID":20,"Style":"Project report"}],"thespers":null,"arch2discl":462,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium","Place":"Antwerpen"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[{"pic_id":205253,"Typ":7,"Descr":"From reference","imis_show":1,"preferred":1,"URL":"/imis?page=image&pic=205253","ext":"jpg","url":"https://images.vliz.be/thumbs/205253_ge-dealiseerde-processtudie-van-systeemovergangen-naar-hypertroebelheid-wp-4-1-hindered-setting.jpg"}],"thestermsPath":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Cohesive sediment","ThestID":169969,"Acronym":"WL_KD","ThesTermPath":"Hydraulics and sediment > Sediment > Cohesive sediment"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Sediment transport","ThestID":177356,"Acronym":"WL_KD","ThesTermPath":"Hydraulics and sediment > Sediment > Sediment transport"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Upstream discharge","ThestID":169973,"Acronym":"WL_KD","ThesTermPath":"Hydraulics and sediment > Sediment > Upstream discharge"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Tides","ThestID":8613,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Motion > Tidal motion > Tides"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Numerical modelling","ThestID":169920,"Acronym":"WL_KDT","ThesTermPath":"Numerical modelling"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Salinity","ThestID":7093,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Properties > Chemical properties > Salinity"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Estuaries","ThestID":2895,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Water bodies > Coastal waters > Coastal landforms > Coastal inlets > Estuaries"}],"thestermsASFA":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Cohesive sediment"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Estuaries"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Numerical modelling"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Salinity"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Sediment transport"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Tides"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Upstream discharge"}],"taxtermsASFA":null,"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":[{"Collection":"Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium","ShortName":"WL"}],"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":{"1020":{"SpName":"FRIS (WL)","SpColID":1020,"ParSpColID":130,"TopParID":130,"ShortName":"FRIS (WL)","URLLocation":null,"LibID":2706,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"WL/FRIS (WL)"},"462":{"SpName":"OpenDocs:OWA","SpColID":462,"ParSpColID":130,"TopParID":130,"ShortName":"OWA","URLLocation":"https://documentatiecentrum.watlab.be/owa/imis.php?module=ref&refid=","LibID":2706,"OpenRepoFlag":1,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"WL/OWA"},"130":{"SpName":"Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium","SpColID":130,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"WL","URLLocation":null,"LibID":2706,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":1,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"WL"},"1025":{"SpName":"WL expert","SpColID":1025,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"WL expert","URLLocation":null,"LibID":null,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"WL expert"},"361":{"SpName":"WL Rapporten","SpColID":361,"ParSpColID":130,"TopParID":130,"ShortName":"wl rapporten","URLLocation":null,"LibID":2706,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"WL/wl rapporten"}},"doi":{"DOIID":1300,"DOI":"10.48607/371","fullDOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.48607/371"},"publs":[{"PublID":2030,"PublName":"Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium","InsID":116,"PersID":null,"INBOID":6434,"OrderNr":1}],"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":434952,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":41,"LangCode":"nl","Lang":"Dutch","DutchTerm":"Nederlands","LangCodeExtended":"dut"}],"urls":null,"thesterms":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Cohesive sediment","ThestID":169969,"Acronym":"WL_KD","ThesTypID":12,"ThesType":"WL Kennisdomein"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Estuaries","ThestID":2895,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Numerical modelling","ThestID":169920,"Acronym":"WL_KDT","ThesTypID":13,"ThesType":"WL Kennisdomein types"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Salinity","ThestID":7093,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Sediment transport","ThestID":177356,"Acronym":"WL_KD","ThesTypID":12,"ThesType":"WL Kennisdomein"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Tides","ThestID":8613,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Upstream discharge","ThestID":169973,"Acronym":"WL_KD","ThesTypID":12,"ThesType":"WL Kennisdomein"}],"taxterms":null,"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Cohesive sediment","DutchTerm":"Cohesief sediment","ThestID":169969,"Acronym":"WL_KD","ThesTypID":12,"ThesType":"WL Kennisdomein"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Estuaries","DutchTerm":"Estuaria","ThestID":2895,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Numerical modelling","DutchTerm":"Numerieke modelleringen","ThestID":169920,"Acronym":"WL_KDT","ThesTypID":13,"ThesType":"WL Kennisdomein types"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Salinity","DutchTerm":"Saliniteit","ThestID":7093,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Sediment transport","DutchTerm":"Sedimenttransport","ThestID":177356,"Acronym":"WL_KD","ThesTypID":12,"ThesType":"WL Kennisdomein"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Tides","DutchTerm":"Getijden","ThestID":8613,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Upstream discharge","DutchTerm":"Bovenafvoer","ThestID":169973,"Acronym":"WL_KD","ThesTypID":12,"ThesType":"WL Kennisdomein"}],"taxtermsFRIS":null,"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"Baertsoen, Claudia, C.","newSesDate":{"date":"2026-01-13 14:52:03.580000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Cerpentier, Steven, S.","updSesDate":{"date":"2026-01-26 16:30:50.467000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}