{"refrec":{"BRefID":437331,"RR":"<b>Mushtaq, S.; Yousuf, F.; Baloch, A.</b> (2025). Seasonal variation and diversity of mangrove gastropods from Sandspit backwater mangrove area, Karachi coast. <i>Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences 34(2)</i>: 117–124","BEntID":435162,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":0,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences 34(2)</i>: 117–124","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Mushtaq, S.; Yousuf, F.; Baloch, A.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Mushtaq, S.; Yousuf, F.; Baloch, A.","Englishabstract":"This study investigates the seasonal variation and diversity of mangrove-associated gastropods in the Sandspit backwater mangrove ecosystem along the Karachi coast from July 2023 to February 2024. Gastropods were sampled across low, mid and high tidal zones during pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. A total of six species belonging to four families and five genera were recorded, with Potamididae &nbsp;being the most dominant family (62.5%), followed by Littorinidae, Ellobiidae, and Onchidiidae. Species richness and abundance were highest in the low-tide zone and showed slight seasonal increases during the post-monsoon period. Diversity indices indicated a moderately diverse but highly even gastropod community (H′ = 1.08; D = 0.337; J′ = 0.990). Comparison with previous studies spanning four decades revealed a marked decline in gastropod richness at Sandspit, suggesting potential environmental degradation, habitat alteration, and anthropogenic pressures. Notably, <i>Littoraria angulifera </i>and<i> Littoraria carinifera</i> were recorded for the first time from this area. The findings provide an updated assessment of gastropod diversity and highlight the need for continued monitoring and conservation of mangrove-associated fauna along the Karachi coast.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Seasonal variation and diversity of mangrove gastropods from Sandspit backwater mangrove area, Karachi coast","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-01-29 01:33:22.127204","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Mangrove gastropods, Sandspit backwaters, Karachi coast.","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2025,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2026-01-22","DateCreate":"2026-01-22","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":null,"VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":437331,"PubliDate":2025,"Pagination":"117–124","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"34","Issue":"2","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":362250,"SerRR":"Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences. 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