{"refrec":{"BRefID":437938,"RR":"<b>Tang, H.; Ren, J.; Reiner, D.M.; Chen, W.</b> (2026). Assessing the hydrogen supply and infrastructure needs for China’s hard-to-abate sectors on its path to carbon neutrality. <i>Environ. Sci. Technol. 60(6)</i>: 4705-4717. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c09918\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c09918</a>","BEntID":435769,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Environ. Sci. Technol. 60(6)</i>: 4705-4717. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c09918\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c09918</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Tang, H.; Ren, J.; Reiner, D.M.; Chen, W.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Tang, H. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Whether used as an alternative fuel or a clean feedstock, renewable hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) could facilitate the deep decarbonization of hard-to-abate sectors, which is essential to meet China’s carbon neutrality target. Nevertheless, the nationwide H<sub>2</sub> backbone networks required have not yet been fully investigated. Employing a techno-economic analysis of solar photovoltaic and wind power on a scale of 1 km combined with source-sink matching among potential multisectoral H<sub>2</sub> hubs, this study develops a decision support system (dubbed China Shared Hydrogen Infrastructure Network Enabler (SHINE)) to explore renewable H<sub>2</sub> layouts commensurate with China’s climate ambition, accounting for varying degrees of H<sub>2</sub> demand and reuse of oil and gas pipeline corridors. Given total H<sub>2</sub> demand scenarios of 54, 77, and 100 Mt/yr in 2060, the total length of the proposed trunkline networks will reach roughly 11,700, 18,300, and 29,900 km, with a levelized cost of production and transport of 1.55, 1.62, and 1.72 USD/kg, respectively. 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