{"refrec":{"BRefID":448434,"RR":"<b>zanpin, Z.; Li, X.; Frappart, F.; De Lannoy, G.; Jagdhuber, T.; Peng, J.; Fan, L.; Ma, H.; Karthikeyan, L.; Liu, X.; Wang, M.; Zhao, L.; liu, Y.; Wigneron, J.</b> (2026). An operational global L-band soil moisture and vegetation optical depth dataset from optimized 40° SMOS brightness temperatures for 2010-2024. <i>ESSD 18(6)</i>: 4047-4073. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-4047-2026\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-4047-2026</a>","BEntID":446272,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>ESSD 18(6)</i>: 4047-4073. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-4047-2026\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-4047-2026</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"zanpin, Z.; Li, X.; Frappart, F.; De Lannoy, G.; Jagdhuber, T.; Peng, J.; Fan, L.; Ma, H.; Karthikeyan, L.; Liu, X.; Wang, M.; Zhao, L.; liu, Y.; Wigneron, J.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"zanpin, Z. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"The Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission delivers the first multi-angular L-band observations for retrieving global soil moisture (SM) and vegetation optical depth (VOD), two critical variables for understanding terrestrial water and carbon cycles. However, the combined effects of non-identical fields of view and aliasing in multi-angular SMOS brightness temperature (TB) observations can introduce noise and biases when the TBs are averaged to a nominal incidence angle, as done in the SMOS L3 dataset, thereby degrading land parameter retrievals. To address this issue, an optimized SMOS TB dataset was initially produced at a fixed 40 degrees incidence angle, consistent with the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission. We then developed the first SMOS mono-angular SM and VOD products designed to achieve performance comparable to SMAP and improved relative to conventional multi-angle SMOS retrievals. The 40 degrees TB optimization was performed using the L-band Microwave Emission of the Biosphere (L-MEB) model, and the inversion relied on the SMAP-INRAE-BORDEAUX (SMAP-IB) algorithm, yielding a global 40 degrees SMOS TB record and associated SM and VOD products for 2010-2024 at 25 km spatial resolution, collectively referred to as SMOS-IB. Results showed that the optimized 40 degrees TB reached a performance level comparable to SMAP and improved relative to SMOS-L3, both in its sensitivity to in-situ SM from the International Soil Moisture Network (ISMN) and in the reduction of global pixel-scale noise. When multiple evaluation metrics are considered, the SMOS-IB SM and VOD data, benefiting from the use of the optimized TB as input and a newly optimized soil roughness (Hr) parameterization, showed improved performance compared with those derived from SMOS L3 40 degrees TB or from the multi-angular SMOS products. The SMOS-IB TB, SM and VOD products can be used for L-band algorithm development and SMAP harmonization, global drought monitoring, and studies of vegetation water and biomass dynamics. SMOS-IB is publicly available at 10.5281/zenodo.17647385 (Xing et al., 2025).","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"An operational global L-band soil moisture and vegetation optical depth dataset from optimized 40° SMOS brightness temperatures for 2010-2024","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-09-29 01:49:32.136038","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"AuthorKeywords":"microwave emission;data sets;calibration;biomass;model","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2026,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2026-09-28","DateCreate":"2026-09-28","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:001792359800001","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.5194/essd-18-4047-2026"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":448434,"PubliDate":2026,"Pagination":"4047-4073","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"18","Issue":"6","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":229338,"SerRR":"Earth System Science Data. 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