{"refrec":{"BRefID":448861,"RR":"<b>Brizzolari, A.; Mrakic-Sposta, S.; Vezzoli, A.; Balestra, C.; Bonini, B.; Barassi, A.; Camporesi, E.; BOSCO, G.</b> (2025). Oxy-inflammation after repetitive \"open circuit\" dives in the Baltic Sea. <i>Undersea Hyperb. Med. 52(3)</i>: 211-225. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/</a>","BEntID":446699,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Undersea Hyperb. Med. 52(3)</i>: 211-225. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Brizzolari, A.; Mrakic-Sposta, S.; Vezzoli, A.; Balestra, C.; Bonini, B.; Barassi, A.; Camporesi, E.; BOSCO, G.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Brizzolari, A. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Background: SCUBA diving involves exposure to a hyperbaric environment that can induce oxidative stress and inflammation.This study investigates the evolution of oxy-inflammation status in divers who performed repetitive dives in cold water. Methods: In the Baltic Sea, nine expert divers were recruited to perform five dives (T1-T5). Urine and saliva were collected before (A) and after (B) each dive. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), lipid peroxidation (8-iso-PGF2 alpha), DNA damage (8-OH-dG), inflammatory status (IL-6), nitric oxide metabolites, neopterin, and electrolyte balance changes were investigated. Results: Pre-dive values showed significant increases at the fourth to fifth days in ROS (+45 and +89%) and consequently in lipid peroxidation (+65%) at the fourth day and in DNA damage (+49 and +61%) at the fourth to fifth days, respectively, compared to the first day value. Post-dive significant increases were recorded at the fourth to fifth days in ROS (+83 % and +146%), and at the fifth day in lipid peroxidation (+59%) and DNA damage (+41%) with respect to the post-dive value of the first day. TAC showed a decrease from the fourth to fifth days post-dive (-15% and-24%) compared to the value on the first day post-dive. Finally, IL-6 increased at the basal level of the fifth day (+183%) and post dive (+154%) with respect to the corresponding values of the first day. Conclusion: Repetitive dives in cold water induced a progressive increase in pre-dive ROS, 8-iso-PGF2 alpha, 8-OH-dG, and IL-6. Oxidative stress was only partially contained by activation of endogenous antioxidant defenses, while IL-6 variation resulted from diving-related physical effort or oxy-inflammation. We did not find notable changes in the electrolyte balance, probably because all subjects examined were well-trained and experienced divers.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Oxy-inflammation after repetitive \"open circuit\" dives in the Baltic Sea","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-10-15 01:35:03.674534","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"AuthorKeywords":"cold water;diving;hyperoxia;interleukin;oxidative stress;oxy-inflammation;ros;prostaglandin-like products;decompression-sickness;antioxidant defenses;scuba;exposure;cold;isoprostanes;expression;responses","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2025,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2026-09-28","DateCreate":"2026-09-28","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:001630709900002","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":""},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":448861,"PubliDate":2025,"Pagination":"211-225","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"52","Issue":"3","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":43996,"SerRR":"Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine. The Society: Bethesda, Md..  ISSN 1066-2936","StandardTitleSer":"Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine","ISSN":"1066-2936","AbbrevSer":"Undersea Hyperb. Med.","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":211,"Pages":15,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Brizzolari","Firstname":"Andrea","Initials":"A.","Affiliation":"University of Padua Department of Biomedical Sciences","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":446699,"AutID":637901,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":"0009-0006-4935-6587","PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Mrakic-Sposta","Firstname":"Simona","Initials":"S.","Affiliation":"Natl Res Council CNR IFC","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":446699,"AutID":637902,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":"0000-0001-7359-2690","PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Vezzoli","Firstname":"Alessandra","Initials":"A.","Affiliation":"University of Padua Department of Biomedical Sciences","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":446699,"AutID":637903,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":"0000-0002-0277-163X","PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Balestra","Firstname":"Costantino","Initials":"C.","Affiliation":"University of Padua Department of Biomedical Sciences","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":446699,"AutID":637905,"OrderNr":4,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":"0000-0001-6771-839X","PersID":31453,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Bonini","Firstname":"Barbara","Initials":"B.","Affiliation":"University of Padua Department of Biomedical Sciences","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":446699,"AutID":637909,"OrderNr":5,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Barassi","Firstname":"Alessandra","Initials":"A.","Affiliation":"University of Milan Department of Health Sciences","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":446699,"AutID":637910,"OrderNr":6,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":"0000-0002-0404-8357","PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Camporesi","Firstname":"Enrico","Initials":"E.","Affiliation":"Tampa General Hospital","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":446699,"AutID":637911,"OrderNr":7,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":"0000-0003-3548-1097","PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"BOSCO","Firstname":"GERARDO","Initials":"G.","Affiliation":"University of Padua Department of Biomedical Sciences","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":446699,"AutID":637912,"OrderNr":8,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":"0000-0001-6595-7944","PersID":null,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":null,"LibID":36,"BRefID":"448861","Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","ReqLink":1,"InternalReq":1,"LoggedInReq":1,"InsPub":1,"InsID":36,"PublicFlag":1,"LendableFLag":1}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"The Society","City":"Bethesda, Md."}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":null,"thestermsASFA":null,"taxtermsASFA":null,"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":null,"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":{"222":{"SpName":"BMB - Belgische Mariene Bibliografie","SpColID":222,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"BMB","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"BMB"}},"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":null,"urls":[{"URL":"https://dx.doi.org/","externalID":"","URLTypeCode":"DOI","URLID":167359,"URLTypID":13,"URLType":"DOI","URLPrefix":"http://dx.doi.org/"}],"thesterms":null,"taxterms":null,"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":null,"taxtermsFRIS":null,"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"VLIZ2000\\administrator","newSesDate":{"date":"2026-09-28 08:22:36.000000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"VLIZ2000\\administrator","updSesDate":{"date":"2026-09-28 08:22:36.000000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}