{"refrec":{"BRefID":449058,"RR":"<b>Prasasti, E.B.; Joseph, M.; Truijen, D.P.K.; Zangeneh, M.; De Kooning, J.D.M.; Stockman, K.; Terheiden, K.</b> (2025). Low-head pumped hydro energy storage: Maximising the round-trip efficiency to increase competitiveness for providing grid services. <i>Journal of Energy Storage 135</i>: 118192. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2025.118192\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2025.118192</a>","BEntID":446896,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Journal of Energy Storage 135</i>: 118192. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2025.118192\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2025.118192</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Prasasti, E.B.; Joseph, M.; Truijen, D.P.K.; Zangeneh, M.; De Kooning, J.D.M.; Stockman, K.; Terheiden, K.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Prasasti, E.B. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"According to the European-Green-Deal, the demand for deployment of storage technologies is predetermined to increase the share of renewable energy sources e.g. solar/wind in electricity generation. Pumped hydro energy storage (PHES) systems represent a well-developed storage technology. Traditionally, PHES systems are established in mountainous regions, but lowland countries with huge offshore wind parks lack such regions. Therefore, new developments in low-head turbomachinery, power take-off (PTO) units and operation schemes are needed to shape low-head PHES towards a viable future technology (performance/investment). Hence, a novel contra-rotating, variable-speed, reversible pump-turbine and PTO design for low-head operation is developed with an optimised round-trip efficiency (RTE) to guarantee competitiveness to other energy storage system (ESS) technologies. The investigations demonstrate that high RTE over 72 %, comparable to those of high-head PHES systems, can be reached. Operation scenarios \"best efficiency\" show a higher RTE than \"10 MW constant power output'' due to wider operation ranges (fallhead/discharge) at high efficiencies. Additionally, larger dam sizes lead to a higher RTE due to higher operation flexibilities but with higher investment costs. Furthermore, the novel offshore low-head pumped hydro energy storage (LH-PHES) design benefits, besides its highly efficient operation, from being insensitive to climate change impacts, floods/droughts, extreme temperature changes compared to e.g. alpine PHES or batteries.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Low-head pumped hydro energy storage: Maximising the round-trip efficiency to increase competitiveness for providing grid services","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-10-05 01:50:03.718606","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"AuthorKeywords":"Low-head pumped hydro energy storage;Contra-rotating;Variable speed;Reversible pump-turbine;Power take-off;Bulb design;Round-trip efficiency;Operation scenario;wind power;daily operation;system;optimization;generation;design;feasibility;plant;solar","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2025,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2026-09-28","DateCreate":"2026-09-28","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:001568971900008","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1016/j.est.2025.118192"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":449058,"PubliDate":2025,"Pagination":"118192","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"135","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":374569,"SerRR":"Journal of Energy Storage. 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