{"refrec":{"BRefID":53817,"RR":"<b>de Wilde, H.P.J.; Helder, W.</b> (1997). Nitrous oxide in the Somali Basin: the role of upwelling, <b><i>in</i></b>: de Wilde, H.P.J. (1999). <i>Nitrous oxide and methane in marine systems.</i> pp. 23-52","BEntID":327763,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":0,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":", <b><i>in</i></b>: de Wilde, H.P.J. (1999). <i>Nitrous oxide and methane in marine systems.</i> pp. 23-52","DocTypID":17,"DocType":"Book chapters","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"de Wilde, H.P.J.; Helder, W.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"de Wilde, H.P.J.; Helder, W.","Englishabstract":"Nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) concentrations in surface water, resulting emissions into the atmosphere, and the distribution in the water column were measured in the Somali upwelling region and the Gulf of Aden during July-August 1992. The N<sub>2</sub>O concentration in the water column exhibited two maxima: a sharp subsurface maximum around 100-200 m, and a broad deep-water maximum around 600-1000 m. Both maxima intensified northward, reaching concentrations up to 81 nM (1030% saturation) and 76 nM (840% saturation), respectively. Deep-water N<sub>2</sub>O was correlated negatively with O<sub>2</sub> and positively with nitrate, indicating microbial N<sub>2</sub>O production by nitrification. At O<sub>2</sub> concentrations below 15-20 µM, the ratio between N<sub>2</sub>O production and O<sub>2</sub> consumption increased significantly, suggesting an increasing N<sub>2</sub>O yield in the nitrification process. Oxygen concentrations, however, never dropped low enough to allow N<sub>2</sub>O cycling by denitrification.Surface water N<sub>2</sub>O saturation was strongly negatively correlated with temperature, indicating that monsoon-driven upwelling of cold N<sub>2</sub>O-rich water controlled the saturation degree of N<sub>2</sub>O in surface waters. The maximum N<sub>2</sub>O saturation was 330% in freshly upwelled waters. The strong monsoon wind driving the upwelling concomitantly induced strong vertical mixing and effective air-sea gas exchange. As a consequence of the simultaneous occurrence of strong N<sub>2</sub>O saturations and high gas transfer velocities, N<sub>2</sub>O emissions into the atmosphere reached maximum values of 260-500 µmol m<sup>-2</sup> day<sup>-1</sup>, which is nearly three orders of magnitude above the global mean oceanic N<sub>2</sub>O flux. Between 21 June and 25 August 1992, the N<sub>2</sub>O emission from the region of most intense upwelling off Somalia was estimated at (0.6-1.1) x 10(9) mol [(26-48) x 10(9) g]. Although this flux equals 0.4-0.8% of the estimated annual marine N<sub>2</sub>O emission, it was emitted during a timespan of 2 months from an area of less than 0.011% of the World Ocean.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AM","StandardTitle":"Nitrous oxide in the Somali Basin: the role of upwelling","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2025-07-02 08:58:19.190595","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":1997,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2021-03-17","DateCreate":"2003-11-26","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":0,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":null,"VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":53817,"PubliDate":1997,"Pagination":"23-52","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":"90-803470-3-5","Volume":null,"Issue":null,"BRefMon":23784,"BRefMonRR":"<B>de Wilde, H.P.J.</B> (1999). Nitrous oxide and methane in marine systems. PhD Thesis. Rijksuniversiteit Groningen: Groningen. ISBN 90-803470-3-5. 122 pp.","BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":null,"SerRR":null,"StandardTitleSer":null,"ISSN":null,"AbbrevSer":null,"StandardTitleMon":"Nitrous oxide and methane in marine systems","StartPage":1319,"Pages":22,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"M","SerNotes":null,"AutString":"de Wilde, H.P.J."},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":[{"YBRefID":23785,"RefStrFull":"<b>de Wilde, H.P.J.; Helder, W.</b> (1997). Nitrous oxide in the Somali Basin: the role of upwelling. <i>Deep-Sea Res., Part II, Top. Stud. Oceanogr. 44(6-7)</i>: 1319-1340. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(97)00011-8\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(97)00011-8</a>","RelID":4,"Relation":"Related to","StandardTitle":"Nitrous oxide in the Somali Basin: the role of upwelling"}],"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"de Wilde","Firstname":"Heinn","Initials":"H.P.J.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":327763,"AutID":3552,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Helder","Firstname":"Willem","Initials":"W.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":327763,"AutID":1590,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":null,"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":null,"MONpubls":[{"PublName":"Rijksuniversiteit Groningen","Place":"Groningen"}],"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Nitrous oxide","ThestID":5574,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Chemical compounds > Oxygen compounds > Oxides > Nitrogen compounds > Nitrous oxide"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"ISW, Somali Basin","ThestID":185491,"Acronym":"ASFA_GEOT","ThesTermPath":"ISW, Somali Basin"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Upwelling","ThestID":8909,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Motion > Water motion > Vertical water movement > Upwelling"}],"thestermsASFA":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"ISW, Somali Basin"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Nitrous oxide"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Upwelling"}],"taxtermsASFA":null,"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":null,"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":null,"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":[{"AutName":"de Wilde","Initials":"H.P.J.","CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":23784,"AutID":3552,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"AutStrTrunc":"de Wilde, H.P.J."}],"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":327763,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"},{"BEntID":327763,"AbstractFlag":1,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":null,"thesterms":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"ISW, Somali Basin","ThestID":185491,"Acronym":"ASFA_GEOT","ThesTypID":34,"ThesType":"ASFA Geoterms"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Nitrous oxide","ThestID":5574,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Upwelling","ThestID":8909,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"}],"taxterms":null,"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"ISW, Somali Basin","DutchTerm":null,"ThestID":185491,"Acronym":"ASFA_GEOT","ThesTypID":34,"ThesType":"ASFA Geoterms"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Nitrous oxide","DutchTerm":"Stikstofoxide","ThestID":5574,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Upwelling","DutchTerm":"Opwelling","ThestID":8909,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"}],"taxtermsFRIS":null,"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"T'Jampens, Roeland, R.","newSesDate":{"date":"2003-11-26 13:44:12.960000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Bouchti, Zohra, Z.","updSesDate":{"date":"2021-03-17 06:28:08.523000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}