{"refrec":{"BRefID":56300,"RR":"<b>Morgan, T.P.; Grosell, M.; Playle, R.C.; Wood, C.M.</b> (2004). The time course of silver accumulation in rainbow trout during static exposure to silver nitrate: physiological regulation or an artifact of the exposure conditions? <i>Aquat. Toxicol. 66(1)</i>: 55-72. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2003.07.003\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2003.07.003</a>","BEntID":53919,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":" <i>Aquat. Toxicol. 66(1)</i>: 55-72. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2003.07.003\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2003.07.003</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Morgan, T.P.; Grosell, M.; Playle, R.C.; Wood, C.M.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Morgan, T.P. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"The pattern of gill silver accumulation in rainbow trout during waterborne silver exposure has been reported to be unusual, reaching a peak in the first few hours of silver exposure followed by a marked decline with continued exposure. The potential causes of the pattern were investigated. Rainbow trout (1-5 g) were exposed in a static system to <sup>110m</sup>Ag labeled AgNO<sub>3</sub> at a total concentration of 1.92 µg Ag l<sup>-1</sup> for 24 h in synthetic soft water. Periodically throughout the exposure, gill and body <sup>110m</sup>Ag accumulation, gill and body <sup>24</sup>Na uptake (from which whole body Na<sup>+</sup> uptake was calculated), gill Na<sup>+</sup>K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase activity, plus water silver (total and dissolved), Cl<sup>-</sup> and total organic carbon (TOC) concentrations were measured. Gill silver levels rapidly increased, peaked at 3 h of exposure and then decreased until a plateau was reached at 12 h of exposure. Body (minus gills) silver levels increased steadily over the exposure period until 18 h of exposure. Whole body Na<sup>+</sup> uptake decreased, was maximally inhibited by 3 h of exposure but recovered by 12 h despite continued silver exposure. Gill Na<sup>+</sup>K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase activity was not inhibited until 5 h of exposure. The water dissolved silver concentration declined by ~70% over the 24 h exposure period and the TOC content of the water increased over three-fold during the first 2 h of exposure. There was a decrease in the calculated contribution of Ag<sup>+</sup> (from 20.9 to 2.5%) and an increase in the calculated contribution of Ag-TOC complexes (from 77 to 97.3%) to the total water silver concentration over the first 2 h of exposure. Apical silver uptake into the gills decreased over the initial 2.5 h of exposure while basolateral silver export out of the gills to the body remained constant throughout the exposure. The results of this study suggest that: (1) physiological regulation of silver movement may explain the pattern of gill silver accumulation observed in rainbow trout, although not by a mechanism coupled to Na<sup>+</sup>K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase inhibition as originally proposed; (2) alternatively or additionally, a decreased bioavailability of silver, due to the static exposure conditions, may explain the pattern of gill accumulation; (3) the early inhibition of whole body Na<sup>+</sup> uptake observed during silver exposure occurs via a mechanism other than Na<sup>+</sup>K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase inhibition; and (4) gill silver accumulation may be an appropriate endpoint for biotic ligand modeling.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"The time course of silver accumulation in rainbow trout during static exposure to silver nitrate: physiological regulation or an artifact of the exposure conditions?","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"bioavailability; biotic ligand model; Na+ uptake; Na+K+-ATPase;dissolved organic carbon; particulate organic carbon","OtherDescriptors":"Bioavailability; Biotic ligand model; Na+ uptake; Na+K+-ATPase; Dissolved organic carbon; Particulate organic carbon","Notes":null,"AnaPub":2004,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2018-05-17","DateCreate":"2004-01-13","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000187916900005","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2003.07.003"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":56300,"PubliDate":2004,"Pagination":"55-72","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"66","Issue":"1","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":42203,"SerRR":"Aquatic Toxicology. 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