{"refrec":{"BRefID":5660,"RR":"<b>Marguillier, S.; van der Velde, G.; Dehairs, F.A.; Hemminga, M.A.; Rajagopal, S.</b> (1997). Trophic relationships in an interlinked mangrove-seagrass ecosystem as traced by d 13C and d 15N. <i>Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 151</i>: 115-121","BEntID":5660,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 151</i>: 115-121","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Marguillier, S.; van der Velde, G.; Dehairs, F.A.; Hemminga, M.A.; Rajagopal, S.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Marguillier, S. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"The food web structure of a mangrove forest and adjacent seagrass beds in Gazi Bay,  Kenya, was examined with stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratio techniques. A carbon isotopic ratio  gradient was found from mangroves with mean (±SD) d13C value of -26.75 ± 1.64% to seagrass beds  with -16.23 ± 4.35Y‰. Seagrasses close to the mangroves were more depleted in 13C than seagrasses  close to the major coral reef. Macroinvertebrates collected along this mangrove seagrass bed transect  showed a similar 6°C gradient. Fishes collected near the mangroves were depleted in 13C compared to  fishes collected in the seagrass meadows. The fish community was differentiated on the basis of its carbon isotopic ratios and the site where individuals were collected. Three groups were identified: (1) species occurring in seagrass meadows in the close vicinity of the mangrove swamps; (2) species migrating between mangroves and the seagrass meadows, together with species occurring throughout the  entire seagrass area, from close to the mangroves to the outer hay, and (3) species that use the seagrass  meadows proper as a lifetime habitat. The results show that seagrass stands are the main feeding  grounds providing food for all fish species studied d15N signatures allowed to the identification of the  following trophic levels: (1) fish species feeding on seagrasses and macroalgae (herbivores); (2) fish  feeding on zoo/benthos-plankton (zoobenthiplanktivores); and (3) other fish and/or macrocrustacea  (piscivores/benthivores). A13N isotope enrichment of <2%. was found between successive trophic  levels suggesting significant omnivory. 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