{"refrec":{"BRefID":57735,"RR":"<b>Costa, F.O.; Cunha, M.R.; Neuparth, T.; Theodorakis, C.W.; Costa, M.H.; Shugart, L.R.</b> (2004). Application of RAPD DNA fingerprinting in taxonomic identification of amphipods: a case-study with <i>Gammarus</i> species (Crustacea: Amphipoda). <i>J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K. 84(1)</i>: 171-178. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0025315404009038h\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0025315404009038h</a>","BEntID":55316,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K. 84(1)</i>: 171-178. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0025315404009038h\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0025315404009038h</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Costa, F.O.; Cunha, M.R.; Neuparth, T.; Theodorakis, C.W.; Costa, M.H.; Shugart, L.R.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Costa, F.O. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"In this study randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting is proposed for species identification of <i>Gammarus</i>, based on the electrophoretic position of amplified DNA bands. Three common marine amphipods of European estuaries—<i>G. chevreuxi, G. insensibilis</i> and <i>G. locusta</i>—were profiled using ten RAPD primers, accompanied by a careful morphological identification. Nine of these primers produced a very distinct species-specific RAPD profile, allowing unambiguous differentiation of amphipod species assayed. The RAPD fingerprints were here characterized by 8-12 amplicons for each primer. Each amplicon was visualized as a band of known molecular length, with characteristic band thickness and density. A total of 78 diagnostic bands, based on the most robust and evident amplicons found for each primer and species, are proposed for identification of the <i>Gammarus</i> species analysed. These results allowed us to identify an unknown amphipod species from a previous study as <i>G. insensibilis</i>, only based on the RAPD fingerprint. One primer was sufficient for this identification. 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