{"refrec":{"BRefID":59065,"RR":"<b>Sheldon, S.P.; Creed Jr., R.P.</b> (2003). The effect of a native biological control agent for Eurasian watermilfoil on six North American watermilfoils. <i>Aquat. Bot. 76(3)</i>: 259-265. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3770(03)00055-x\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3770(03)00055-x</a>","BEntID":56660,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Aquat. Bot. 76(3)</i>: 259-265. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3770(03)00055-x\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3770(03)00055-x</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":1,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Sheldon, S.P.; Creed Jr., R.P.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Sheldon, S.P.; Creed Jr., R.P.","Englishabstract":"There is increasing concern that introduced, classical biological control agents can have significant negative effects on non-target species. One alternative to classical biological control is the use of native species to control exotic pests. A North American weevil, <i>Euhrychiopsis lecontei</i>, is being used as a biological control agent for the introduced aquatic plant Eurasian watermilfoil (<i>Myriophyllum spicatum</i>) in the United States. Previously, we determined that <i>E. lecontei</i> did not have a significant effect on several unrelated species of native North American aquatic plants. Here, we examine the effects of this weevil on six native North American watermilfoils. In six separate experiments, individual shoots of each native watermilfoil species were exposed to zero, two or four weevil adults. Changes in length and final dry mass were determined for each shoot at the end of the experiments. We also recorded the number of weevil eggs and larvae on these native watermilfoil species at the end of the experiment. In treatments with two weevils per plant there were no significant impacts of weevils on the native watermilfoils. However, in treatments with four weevils per plant, final length of <i>M. verticillatum</i> after 11 days was 13% shorter than controls, and with four weevils final dry mass of <i>M. alterniflorum</i> was 65% less than controls and <i>M. humile</i> 43% less. Weevils laid fewer eggs on all native watermilfoil species than on <i>M. spicatum</i> controls. Few of the eggs laid on the native watermilfoils hatched. Our results suggest that when its density is high, <i>E. lecontei</i> can have impacts on some native watermilfoil species. However, due to reduced fecundity on native watermilfoils, <i>E. lecontei</i> will probably have little impact on the native species. <i>E. lecontei</i> appears to be an example of a native biological control agent that can reduce the abundance of an exotic species without a significant negative impact on closely related, non-target species.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"The effect of a native biological control agent for Eurasian watermilfoil on six North American watermilfoils","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Myriophyllum spicatum; aquatic plants; herbivory; invasive species","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2003,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2018-05-17","DateCreate":"2004-04-01","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000184319900007","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1016/s0304-3770(03)00055-x"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":59065,"PubliDate":2003,"Pagination":"259-265","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"76","Issue":"3","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":42195,"SerRR":"Aquatic Botany. Elsevier Science: Tokyo; Oxford; New York; London; Amsterdam.  ISSN 0304-3770; e-ISSN 1879-1522","StandardTitleSer":"Aquatic Botany","ISSN":"0304-3770","AbbrevSer":"Aquat. Bot.","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":259,"Pages":7,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":{"Line1":"Middlebury, VT 05753","Email":"sheldon@middlebury.edu","Line2":null,"EnvName":"USA"},"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Sheldon","Firstname":"Sallie","Initials":"S.P.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":56660,"AutID":44032,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Creed Jr.","Firstname":"Robert","Initials":"R.P.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":56660,"AutID":44033,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":57418,"LibID":36,"BRefID":59065,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":1,"ShelfLocCode":"57418","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":"VLIZ Open Access","Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","DutchTerm":"Open access","URL":null,"ClassifID":53,"Classification":"Open access","ReqLink":null,"ClassifTypID":1,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":null,"InternalReq":0,"LoggedInReq":0,"Disclaimer":null,"DutchDisclaimer":null,"FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":36,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":1,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"A","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"Elsevier Science","City":"Tokyo; Oxford; New York; London; Amsterdam"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Biological control","ThestID":954,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Control > Biological control"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Pest control","ThestID":6099,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Control > Pest control"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Introduced species","ThestID":4428,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Taxa > Species > Introduced species"}],"thestermsASFA":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Biological control"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Introduced species"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Pest control"}],"taxtermsASFA":[{"TaxTerm":"Euhrychiopsis lecontei"},{"TaxTerm":"Myriophyllum spicatum"}],"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":null,"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":null,"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":56660,"AbstractFlag":-1,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"},{"BEntID":56660,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":[{"URL":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3770(03)00055-x","externalID":"10.1016/s0304-3770(03)00055-x","URLTypeCode":"DOI","URLID":2278,"URLTypID":13,"URLType":"DOI","URLPrefix":"http://dx.doi.org/"}],"thesterms":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Biological control","ThestID":954,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Introduced species","ThestID":4428,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Pest control","ThestID":6099,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"}],"taxterms":[{"TaxTerm":"Euhrychiopsis lecontei","AphiaID":null,"TaxtID":25200},{"TaxTerm":"Myriophyllum spicatum [spiked water-milfoil]","AphiaID":416205,"TaxtID":23300}],"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":[{"Code":1485,"QCode":"Q1"}],"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Biological control","DutchTerm":null,"ThestID":954,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Introduced species","DutchTerm":"Geïntroduceerde soorten","ThestID":4428,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Pest control","DutchTerm":"Bestrijding","ThestID":6099,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"}],"taxtermsFRIS":[{"TaxTerm":"Euhrychiopsis lecontei","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":null,"TaxtID":25200},{"TaxTerm":"Myriophyllum spicatum","DutchTerm":"aarvederkruid","AphiaID":416205,"TaxtID":23300}],"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"Haspeslagh, Jan, J.","newSesDate":{"date":"2004-04-01 14:47:11.467000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Lyssens, Liesbeth, L.","updSesDate":{"date":"2018-05-17 21:48:18.770000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}