{"refrec":{"BRefID":61466,"RR":"<b>Brändel, M.</b> (2004). The role of temperature in the regulation of dormancy and germination of two related summer-annual mudflat species. <i>Aquat. Bot. 79(1)</i>: 15-32. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2003.11.008\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2003.11.008</a>","BEntID":58103,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Aquat. Bot. 79(1)</i>: 15-32. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2003.11.008\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2003.11.008</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":1,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Brändel, M.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Brändel, M.","Englishabstract":"Dormancy and germination requirements were investigated in seeds (achenes) of the closely-related annuals <i>Bidens cernua</i> and <i>Bidens tripartite</i> (Asteraceae). They showed clear differences in their temperature requirements for germination, their dormancy and seed longevity in soil. In <i>B. cernua</i> seeds, primary dormancy was relieved when stratified at 3, 8, and 12 °C, as seeds germinated to a maximum of more than 80% (3 °C and 8 °C) and 20% (12 °C), while temperatures of 15 °C and 18 °C had no effect. Secondary dormancy was induced after 20 weeks at 12 °C. Temperatures between 3 and 18 °C were effective in relieving dormancy in <i>B. tripartite</i> seeds as they germinated to more than 60% regardless of stratification temperature. With prolonged incubation time, dormancy was induced at 18 °C. Both species exhibited an annual dormancy cycle. <i>B. cernua</i> seeds came out of dormancy in spring at temperatures <15 °C and dormancy was induced in summer (>15 °C). In late summer, seeds were completely dormant before temperatures of <7 °C led to a relief of secondary dormancy. <i>B. tripartite</i> seeds came out of both primary and secondary dormancy when ambient temperatures were <12 °C in autumn. At temperatures >7 °C in spring and summer, dormancy was induced. Nevertheless, <i>B. tripartite</i> seeds could germinate (>40%) during the whole year at high and fluctuating temperatures. <i>B. tripartite</i> had the potential to accumulate a persistent seed bank, while buried <i>B. cernua</i> seeds were all dead after 20 months. Germination tests with dry-stored seeds showed that a fluctuating-temperature amplitude of less than 8 °C (mean 22 °C) led to a significantly higher germination (40%) of <i>B. tripartite</i> seeds, while <i>B. cernua</i> seeds did not germinate even at high amplitudes. Stratified <i>B. tripartite</i> seeds germinated at high constant temperatures >21 °C, while <i>B. cernua</i> seeds showed a nearly absolute requirement for fluctuating temperatures.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"The role of temperature in the regulation of dormancy and germination of two related summer-annual mudflat species","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2025-07-02 08:58:19.190595","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Bidens; dormancy cycle; seed germination; temperature","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2004,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2018-05-17","DateCreate":"2004-05-14","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000221313300002","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2003.11.008"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":61466,"PubliDate":2004,"Pagination":"15-32","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"79","Issue":"1","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":42195,"SerRR":"Aquatic Botany. 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